Terry one of our workers was clarifying the wall (I have my foot on it) when I walked over to see how he was doing. I looked down and said "Terry do you know that you have an inscription on the wall?" He said "No I've been working so close to it that I didn't see it." There was a large stone covering part of it and there was some controversy over what it said. Therefore we decided to take out more of the soil to see what the inscription would reveal.

Bet Shean much evidence was found of the tremendous earthquake that destroyed the city. One of the best examples is an arcaded commercial street of the Byzantine and early Arab period, which collapsed completely. Underneath the debris of the shops many artifacts were discovered that confirm the dating of the collapse to the mid eighth century, among them pottery, glass and metal vessels, as well as balances, jewellery and coins. Not one of the coins found dates from later than the first half of the eighth century. Most significant is a hoard discovered in one of the shops which included, among other finds, 31 gold dinars. The earliest coin in this hoard is dated A.H. 78 (March 697-March 698 C.E.) and the latest was minted in A.H. 131 (31 August 748-19 August 749). This coin is the latest in date of those found hitherto under the ruins of the earthquake by the excavation. Its discovery supplies a clear terminus post quem for the earthquake no earlier than the end of August 748. Clearly this coin, which has survived in mint condition, had found its way into the hands of the trader a very short time before it was buried by the earthquake of 18 January in the year 749.

BIBL 471 - Biblical Archaeology

Liberty University Students

These tips will help you with writing your Sodom Papers.

Please print and keep these handy while you write your Sodom Paper.

Index

TIPS TO CONSIDER

• Recommended Book
  
• Don't retell the Sodom Story
  
• New Research
  
• Two Separate Sites
• Destruction
• Maps
• Sodom Update
• National Geographic

FACTS TO CONSIDER
8 facts from my book Key Fact for the Location of Sodom

1. The NST is not a new Theory FACT 3
2. Few sites have ever been identified using an inscription FACT 11
3. Both sites are located in the Great Rift Valley FACT 25
4. Most scholars place the date of the Patriarchs in the MBA FACT 37
5. Numeira was destroyed 250 years before BeD FACT 39
6. Use of flaming Arrows for Battle FACT 54
7. This century the Dead Sea is at its lowest point in history FACT 56
   
8. Bitumen Pits Location of the Battle FACT 57

RESOURCES

• Tall el-Hammam Excavation Reports
• Articles supporting Tall el-Hammam as Sodom
• Livias Research
• Bab edh-Dhra' Excavation Reports and articles
• Articles supporting Bab edh-Dhra as Sodom

Tips to Consider

1. Book that is Recommended:but not compulsory. This book would be highly recommended for background material and sources, including maps, charts, and timelines, for your Sodom Papers, but you are not obliged to purchase it.
       Graves, David E. Key Facts for the Location of Sodom Student Edition: Navigating the Maze of Arguments, Moncton, N.B.: Electronic Christian Media, 2014. ISBN: 978-1499660241.LINK
   
   The advantage of such a book is that it provides a collective source of material for students that would otherwise take a long time to assemble or otherwise be inaccessible. Numerous detailed maps, charts, tables, and photographs are included which will help facilitate understanding of the unfamiliar terrain of the Dead Sea and Jordan Valley. A glossary defines technical terms, and extensive footnotes, a bibliography, and reference to a large index of subjects and authors provides an invaluable resource to students for future study. Index
2. Don't retell the Sodom Story: Don't spend time in your introduction retelling the Sodom story. We all know the story and for such a short paper start with a good thesis statement about your task. Index
   
3. New Research: However, there is some new research on the subject of Sodom, that has been released since Randall Price published his book. Chapter 6 of Price,The Stones Cry Out is on Sodom but it is out of date. (See LINK for the up-to-date material). The  “Sodom and Gomorrah paper” is designed to evaluate some of this new research on the location of Sodom. Index
4. Two Separate Sites: Sodom and Gomorrah have traditionally been named together, although they are two separate sites, however you are just researching Sodom, although it would be good to name the site that each side understands to be Gomorrah.  Index
   
5. Destruction: In describing the destruction for each site we are not interested in how they were destroyed (earthquake, volcano, thunder, asteroid, etc.) but in the evidence that is left behind. Is there evidence of burning, high temperatures, bodies, pottery left behind, etc.? Index
   
6. Maps:Be sure to check out a good map for the location of Bab edh-Dhra and Tall el-Hammam. There are several maps in the Key Facts for the Location of Sodom.Looking from the surrounding mountains one would be looking down into the Jordan Valley like looking into the Grand Canyon. Picture of Jordan Valley from Mt. Nebo (can you see the southern end of the Dead Sea?) Index
   

Facts to Consider in your Sodom Papers

1. CHAPTER THREE – PRELIMINARY FACTS  page 56

• FACT 1: SODOM IS NOT A FICTION FOR WOOD AND COLLINS. page 56
• FACT 2: THE SST IS NOT A NEW VIEW. page 57
• FACT 3: THE NST IS NOT A NEW VIEW.page 58. The northern location for Sodom in the Jordan Valley is not a new theory: It was argued by most archaeologists prior to W. F. Albright.
  
•  Charles W. Wilson, “On the Site of Ai and the Position of the Altar Which Abram Built Between Bethel and Ai.” Palestine Exploration Fund: Quarterly Statement 1, no. 4 (1869): 123-26. Edward H. Palmer, The Desert of the Exodus: Journeys on Foot in the Wilderness of the Forty Years’ of Wanderings Undertaken in Connexion with the Ordance Survey of Sinai and the Palestine Exploration Fund (Vol. 2. 2 vols. Cambridge, U.K.: Deighton, Bell & Co., 1871), 2:480.
  
• Henry Baker Tristram, The Land of Moab Travels and Discoveries on the East Side of the Dead Sea and the Jordan, 2nd ed.(Piscataway, N.J.: Gorgias, 1874), 326–33. LINK
  
• Selah Merrill, East of the Jordan: A Record of Travel and Observation in the Countries of Moab, Gilead, and Bashan (London, U.K.: Darf, 1881), 239.
  
• Selah Merrill, “Modern Researches in Palestine.” Journal of the American Geographical Society of New York 9 (1877): 109–25.
  
• Selah Merrill “Modern Researches in Palestine.” Palestine Exploration Fund: Quarterly Statement 11, no. 1 (1879): 138–54.
  
• William F. Birch, “Zoar.” Palestine Exploration Fund: Quarterly Statement 11, no. 1 (1879): 15–18, 99–101.
  
• William F. Birch, “Sodom.” Palestine Exploration Fund: Quarterly Statement 13 (1881): 101–102.
  
• Claude Reignier Conder, and Horatio H. Kitchener. The Survey of Eastern Palestine: The Adwan Country (Vol. 1. 7 vols. London, U.K.: Palestine Exploration Fund, 1881), 1:229–30.
  
• Claude Reignier Conder, Heth and Moab (London, U.K.: Bentley & Son, 1883), 151, 153–55.
  
• William M. Thomson, The Land and the Book: Southern Palestine and Jerusalem (New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, 1882), 371–76.
• William M. Thomson, TThe Land and the Book: Lebanon, Damascus, and Beyond Jordan (New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, 1885), 668–70. LINK
  
• George Grove, “Zoar,” ed. William Smith, A Dictionary of the Bible(Philadelphia, Pa.: Winston, 1884), 1153.
  
• J. Cunningham Geikie, The Holy Land and the Bible: A Book of Scripture Illustrations Gathered in Palestine (2 vols. London, U.K.: Cassell & Company, 1887), 2: 118–20.
• Index
• FACT 4: WOOD BELIEVES THAT BeD IS SODOM. page 59
• FACT 5: ALBRIGHT DID NOT BELIEVE THAT BeD WAS SODOM. page 60
• FACT 6: RAST AND SCHAUB DID NOT BELIEVE THAT BeD WAS SODOM. page 61
• FACT 7: COLLINS BELIEVES THAT TeH IS SODOM. page 61
• FACT 8: PUBLICATIONS PRIOR TO 2006 DO NOT INCLUDE COLLINS’ TeH RESEARCH.page 63

• FACT 9: THE A PRIORI METHOD IS GOOD SCIENCE.page 64
• FACT 10: THE SERIAL GEOGRAPHY OF THE BIBLE IS RELIABLE. page 65
• FACT 11: FEW BIBLICAL SITES HAVE EVER BEEN IDENTIFIED USING AN INSCRIPTION. page 66. Of all the biblical cities on your Bible maps, only Dan, Gezer, Gibeon, Hazor, Hebron, Jerusalem have a secondary inscription identifying their location. Steven Collins, and Latayne C. Scott. Discovering the City of Sodom: The Fascinating, True Account of the Discovery of the Old Testament’s Most Infamous City (New York, N.Y.: Simon & Schuster, 2013), 273-96. Look Inside Only Ekron has a primary inscription identifying its location. Usually scholars use geographic indicators to identify a cities location (i.e., by this river, by this mountain, etc.). Sodom has 25 geographic indicators while Jerusalem has only 18. For more details see LINK  Index
• FACT 12: WOOD HAS NEVER EXCAVATED BeD. page 67
• FACT 13: THE EARLY READ OF THE TEH STRATIGRAPHY WAS DUE TO MODERN MILITARY ACTIVITY. page 67
• FACT 14: A SURFACE SURVEY IS DIFFERENT TO AN EXCAVATION. page 69

• FACT 15: THE KEY PASSAGE ON SODOM’S GEOGRAPHY IS GEN 13:1-12. page 70
• FACT 16: GENESIS 14:10 IS REFERRING TO THE LOCATION FOR THE BATTLE OF THE MESOPOTAMIAN KINGS, NOT THE LOCATION OF THE CITIES OF THE PLAIN. page 71
• FACT 17: ZEBOIIM IS PLURAL IN HEBREW. page 72
• FACT 18: HEBREW DOES NOT HAVE THE WORDS NORTH, SOUTH, EAST OR WEST. page 73
• FACT 19: EZEKIEL IS NOT BIBLICAL NARRATIVE. page 74
• FACT 20: JEREMIAH 50:35-46 IS PROPHETIC LITERATURE. page 75
• FACT 21: THERE IS A SALT CURSE MENTIONED IN THE BIBLE. page 77

• FACT 22: THE JORDAN VALLEY WAS VISIBLE FROM BETWEEN BETHEL AND AI. page 78
• FACT 23: SODOM WAS LOCATED ON THE PLAIN (KIKKĀR) OF THE JORDAN. page 80
• FACT 24: THE EXACT LOCATION OF THE VALLEY OF SIDDIM IS NOT KNOWN. page 82
• FACT 25: Bab edh-Dhra and Tall el-Hammam ARE BOTH LOCATED IN THE GREAT RIFT VALLEY.page 83.   along a fault line which is known to have asphalt /bitumen, sulfur, tar, and natural gas (Pliny the Elder Nat. Hist. 2.226; 5.72; 7.65; 28.80; 35.178). Petroleum products are not unique to Bab edh-Dhra.  I’m working beside the hot springs at Hammam (means "hot springs") and while we are working you can smell the sulfur. Collins points to bitumen (tar) chunks that have been mined all around the area, including at Tall el-Hammam. Steven Collins. “Where Is Sodom? The Case for Tall el-Hammam.” Biblical Archaeology Review39, no. 2 (2013). For more details seeLINK. Index
• FACT 26: SMOKE FROM BOTH TeH AND BeD WOULD HAVE BEEN VISIBLE FROM HEBRON. page 84
• FACT 27: TeH IS ALSO ABEL-SHITTIM. page 85
• FACT 28: TeH IS ALSO LIVIAS. page 85
• FACT 29: ABRAHAM WAS GIVEN THE LAND OF CANAAN. page 86
• FACT 30: FOR THE SST ADVOCATES, GEN 14:1-14 WOULD REQUIRE CHEDORLAOMER TO HAVE GONE BACK ON HIS TRACKS. page 86
• FACT 31: THE SOUTHERN DEAD SEA REGION LOOKS CURSED. page 87
• FACT 32: SHEA’S IDENTIFICATION OF CITIES BASED ON THE EBLAITE GEOGRAPHIC ATLAS IS SUSPECT. page 88
• FACT 33: THERE ARE SEVERAL POSSIBLE LOCATIONS FOR ZOAR. page 89

• Southern Zoar – Ghor eṣ-Ṣafi page 89
• Northern Zoar 1 – Tall Iktanu  page 91
• Northern Zoar 2 – Serâbît el-Mushaqqar page 92
• Northern Zoar 3 – On the Arnon River page 93
• FACT 34: LOT’S CAVE IS LOCATED ON THE MADABA MAP. page 93

• FACT 35: NOT ALL ARCHAEOLOGISTS APPROACH BIBLICAL NUMBERS IN THE SAME WAY. page 96
• FACT 36: CONSERVATIVE SCHOLARS DEBATE THE DATE OF THE EXODUS.  page 96
  
• FACT 37: MOST MAXIMALISTS BELIEVE THAT THE PATRIARCHS LIVED IN THE MIDDLE BRONZE AGE.page 98. Most evangelical scholars and maximalists would place the date of the Patriarchs (Abraham and Lot) in the Middle Bronze Age(MB). See the chart in J. Randall Price, The Stones Cry Out: What Archaeology Reveals About the Truth of the Bible (Eugene, Oreg.: Harvest House, 1997), 106, John J. Bimson , “Archaeological Data and the Dating of the Patriarchs” Essays on the Patriarchal Narratives. Leicester:, U.K. InterVarsity (1980). 59-92. Collins, Steven. “Tall el-Hammam Is Still Sodom: Critical Data Sets Cast Serious Doubt on E.H. Merrill’s Chronological Analysis.” Biblical Research Bulletin 13, no. 1 (2013): 1–27. Link The question to answer is: When were the cities of Bab edh-Dhra and Tall el-Hammam destroyed?  Index
• FACT 38: BeD WAS DESTROYED IN THE EB III BUT WAS REOCCUPIED IN EB IV. page 99
• FACT 39: BeD AND NUMEIRA WERE DESTROYED AT DIFFERENT TIMES. page 102. Schaub, who dug at Bab edh-Dhra, indicates that Numeira was destroyed at a different time period (2600 BC) from Bab edh-Dhrâ (2350–2067 BC). Also see Steven, Collins, and Latayne C. Scott, Discovering the City of Sodom: The Fascinating, True Account of the Discovery of the Old Testament’s Most Infamous City (New York, N.Y.: Simon & Schuster, 2013), 152, 231. Index
• FACT 40: TeH WAS DESTROYED IN THE MBA AND LAY UNOCCUPIED FOR OVER 500 YEARS. page 104

• FACT 41: TeH IS THE LARGEST EB SITE AND THIRD LARGEST MB SITE IN THE SOUTHERN LEVANT. page 105
• FACT 42: BeD IS THE LARGEST EB SITE IN THE SOUTHERN DEAD SEA REGION. page 109
• FACT 43: BeD AND NUMEIRA ARE THE ONLY INHABITED TOWNS IN THE SOUTHERN DEAD SEA REGION IN THE EBA.  page 110

• 1. Bâb edh-Dhrâʿ  page 110
• 2. Numeira page 111
• 3. eṣ-Ṣafi page 111
• 4. Feifa  page 112
• 5. Khirbet al-Khanazir  page 112
• FACT 44: THERE ARE FOUR MB SITES IN THE JORDAN VALLEY WITH EVIDENCE OF DESTRUCTION. page 113
• 1. Tall el-Ḥammâm  page 113
• 2. Tall Nimrin page 114
• 3. Tall al-Kafrayn  page 114
• 4. Tall Bleibel and Tall el-Musṭāḥ page 114
• FACT 45: THERE IS NO LBA ARCHITECTURAL OCCUPATION IN THE JORDAN VALLEY. page 115
• Tall el-Ḥammâm  page 115
• Tall Nimrin page 115
• Tall al-Kafrayn page 116
• Tall Iktanu  page 116
• Tell Al Sultan (Jericho)  page 116
• Tall Bleibel (Tall Bulaybil) page 117
• Tall el-Musṭāḥ (Tall al-Musṭāḥ) page 117
• FACT 46: TeH IS NOT HESHBON. page 118
• FACT 47: THE PENTAPOLIS ARE NOT ALL MENTIONED TOGETHER IN THE EBLA TABLETS, AND MANY PEOPLE DOUBT WHETHER THEY ARE LISTED AT ALL.    119
• FACT 48: THERE ARE REPORTS OF A MINOAN CONNECTION AT TEH.    121

• FACT 49: BOTH SITES PROVIDE FIERY DESTRUCTION EVIDENCE.  page 123
• Bâb edh-Dhrâʿ  page 123
• Tall el-Ḥammâm  page 124
• FACT 50: BOTH SITES HAVE A CITY GATE COMPLEX THAT WAS DESTROYED.  page 124
• Bâb edh-Dhrâʿ  page 124
• Tall el-Ḥammâm  page 125
• FACT 51: HUMAN REMAINS HAVE BEEN FOUND AT BOTH SITES. page 126
• Bâb edh-Dhrâʿ page 126
• Tall el-Ḥammâm page 126
• FACT 52: THERE ARE VARIOUS THEORIES FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF THE PENTAPOLIS. page 127
• Destroyed by a volcano:  page 127
• Destroyed by an earthquake:  page 128
• Destroyed by liquefaction:  page 128
• Conclusion:  page 129
• FACT 53: THE CEMETERY AT BeD WAS BURNED.  page 129
• FACT 54: SHOOTING FLAMING ARROWS INTO THE AIR WAS COMMONLY USED BY ENEMIES IN THE ANE. page 131. In the ancient world it was common to destroy cities by means of shooting flaming arrows into the air and they would land on the roof of buildings and catch the wattle and daub (twigs and sticks which the roof is made from) on fire. See the siege of Lachish reliefs in the British Museum where the fiery arrows are depicted on the reliefs. Page 80 in Price, The Stones Cry Out. Prior to the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah (Gen 18) we know that the region as far south as the Amorites, who were dwelling in Hazazon-tamar (= En Gedi in the Israeli side of the Dead Sea 2 Chronicles 20:2),  had conflict with foreign nations (Shinar, Ellasar, Elam, Goiim, Gen 14:1-7). Index
• FACT 55: MYSTERIOUS CLINKERS, IDENTIFIED AS TRINITITE, WERE DISCOVERED AT TeH.  page 132

• FACT 56: THE DEAD SEA IS AT ITS LOWEST POINT IN HISTORY AND THERE ARE NO EXPOSED RUINS. page 133
• This century the Dead Sea is at its lowest point in history (except the Byzantine period) and no ruins has been found along the shores that were once submerged under the Dead Sea. For more details see the interactive Dead Sea Level chart.Index
• FACT 57: BITUMEN IS FOUND ALL AROUND THE DEAD SEA.  page 135. The mention of bitumen/tar (literally slime) pits in Genesis 14:10 are stated in the context of the battle of the Elamite king (Chedorlaomer, King of Elam) and the kings of Cities of the Plain.  The passage states that the kings of the cities of the plain “joined forces in the Valley of Siddim (that is, the Salt Sea)” (Gen 14:3 ESV). This does not say that this is where the Cities of the Plain were located, but this is where the battle took place. The text indicates that the battle took place in a different location than where the “cities of the plain” were situated, as the kings “went out, came out, or marched out” from the cities. Bitumen pits (sink holes) are located on the western side of the Dead Sea and not the southern end (Meir Abelson et al., “Evaluation of the Dead Sea Sinkholes,” in New Frontiers in Dead Sea Paleoenvironmental Research, ed. Yehouda Enzel, Amotz Agnon, and Mordechai Stein, Special Papers: Geological Society of America 401 (Boulder, Colo.: Geological Society of America, 2006), 248; O. Amit and A. Bein, “The Evolution of the Dead Sea Floating Asphalt Blocks: Simulations by Pyrolisis,” Journal of Petroleum Geology 2, no. 4 (1980): 429–47; Tina M. Niemi, Zvi Ben-Avraham, and Joel R. Gat, eds., The Dead Sea: The Lake and Its Setting, Oxford Monographs on Geology and Geophysics 36 (New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, USA, 1997).Index
• South  page 137
• North  page 137
• East  page 137
• West  page 137
• Location of bitumen pits  page 138
• FACT 58: JEBEL USDUM IS NOT SODOM OR LOT’S WIFE.  page 139
• FACT 59: TeH IS WELL WATERED.  page 139
• FACT 60: THE SOUTHERN JORDAN VALLEY WAS WELL-WATERED IN ANCIENT TIMES. page 140
• FACT 61: THE DEAD SEA EXISTED PRIOR TO GENESIS 19. page 140
• FACT 62: THERE IS PALEO-BOTANICAL EVIDENCE AT BOTH SITES. page 141

Sodom Resources

Some Journal articles are not available from my blog, but may be accessed through Liberty Library Online. I would also recommend reading Dr. Collins newly published article on Sodom in BAR magazine. All the Tall el-Hammam dig reports are available at this LINK. Good to look at the Latest Dig Report for an overview of what was discovered. More free downloadable research by Collins is available at the official Tall el-Hammam site and Biblical Research Bulletin(The online Bible and Spade articles are missing the color photographs which would have been helpful for you).

Tall el-Hammam

On Tall el-Hammam, (Sodom?), Trinity Southwest University (Dr. Steven Collins) is digging in the northern Jordan Valley, for the location of Sodom. Note thatin 1990 Kay Prag (Student of Kathleen Kenyon) also did a small excavation at Tall el-Hammam. Dr. Bryant Wood is supporting the southern location Bab edh-Dhra but has not dug there. Steve Collins and Bryant Wood are good friends and have worked together at Khirbet el-Maqatir (Ai) Excavation in Israel/West Bank, for six seasons (1995- 2000).

Excavation Reports

• Collins, Steven, Gary A. Byers, and Michael C. Luddeni. “Tall El-Hammam Excavation Project, Season Activity Report, Season One: 2005/2006 Probe Excavation and Survey: Submitted to the Department of Antiquities of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, Jan 22, 2006.” Biblical Research Bulletin 6, no. 4 (2006): 1–13. LINK
• Collins, Steven, Gary A. Byers, Michael C. Luddeni, and John W. Moore. “Tall El-Hammam Excavation Project, Season Activity Report, Season Two: 2006/2007 Excavation and Survey: Submitted to the Department of Antiquities of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, January 26, 2006.” Biblical Research Bulletin 7, no. 9 (2007): 1–13.LINK
• Collins, Steven, Gary A. Byers, Michael C. Luddeni, John W. Moore, Abdelsamee’ Abu Dayyeh, Adeib abu-Shmais, Khalil Hamdan, Hussein Aljarrah, Jehad Haroun, and Steve McAllister. “Tall El-Hammam Excavation Project, Season Activity Report, Season Three: 2008 Excavation, Exploration, and Survey: Submitted to the Department of Antiquities of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, February 13, 2008.” Biblical Research Bulletin 8, no. 2 (2008): 1–13.LINK
• Collins, Steven, Khalil Hamdan, Gary A. Byers, Jehad Haroun, Hussein Aljarrah, Michael C. Luddeni, Steve McAllister, Qutaiba Dasouqi, and David E. Graves. “Tall El-Hammam Excavation Project, Season Activity Report, Season Four: 2009 Excavation, Exploration, and Survey: Submitted to the Department of Antiquities of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, February 29, 2009.” Biblical Research Bulletin 9, no. 1 (2009): 1–30.LINK
• Collins, Steven. “Tall El-Hammam, Season Four:Data, Interpretations, and Insights From the 2009 Excavations.” In Annual Meeting of the American Schools of Oriental Research: New Orleans, LA, 1–31. Albuquerque, N.M.: TSU Press, 2009. InterLibrary Loan
• Collins, Steven, Khalil Hamdan, and Gary A. Byers. “Tall El-Hammam: Preliminary Report on Four Seasonsof Excavation (2006–2009).” Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan 53 (2009): 385–414. PDF
• Collins, Steven, Aljarrah Hussein, Gary A. Byers, Carroll M. Kobs, John Leslie, Adeib abu-Shmais, Jehad Haroun, et al. “Tall Al-Hammam Season Six, 2011: Excavation, Survey, Interpretations and Insights.” Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan 55 (2011): 581–607. PDF
• Collins, Steven, Khalid Tarawneh, Gary A. Byers, and Carroll M. Kobs. “Tall El-Hammam Season Eight,2013: Excavation, Survey, Interpretations and Insights.” Biblical Research Bulletin (2013): 1–20.LINK
• Collins, Steven, Carroll M. Kobs, and Michael C. Luddeni. An Introduction to Tall Al-Hammam with Seven Seasons (2005-2011) of Ceramics and Eight Seasons (2005-2012) of Artifacts. Vol. 1. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 2015.
• Kobs, Carroll M., Steven Collins, Al-jarrah Hussein, and Hal Bonnette. “A Plaque Figurine at Tall al-Hammam, Season Six (2011).” Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan 55 (2011): 609–621. Request from ILL
  
• Prag, Kay. “Preliminary Report on the Excavations at Tell Iktanu and Tall el-Hammam, Jordan 1990.” Levant23 (1991): 55–66. LINK
• Prag, Kay. “The Excavations at Tell Al-Hammam.” Syria 70, no. 1–2 (1990): 271–73. LINK
• Schath, Kenneth, Steven Collins, and Hussein Aljarrah. “Excavation of an Undisturbed Demi-Dolmen and Insights from the Al-Hammam Megalithic Field, 2011 Season.” Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan55 (2011): 329–50.Request from ILL.
• “Archaeologists Excavate Massive Ancient Gateway in Jordan.”Popular Archaeology Vol 8. Sept 2012. LINK

Articles supporting Tall el-Hammam as Sodom:

• Collins, Steven. “Where Is Sodom? The Case for Tall el-Hammam.” Biblical Archaeology Review 39, no. 2 (2013), 31-41, 70-71.LOOKUPorLINK
• Collins, Steven. “Sodom: The Discovery of a Lost City.” Bible and Spade20, no. 3 (2007): 70–77.
• Collins, Steven. “A Response to Bryant G. Wood’s Critique of Collins’ Northern Sodom Theory.” Biblical Research Bulletin7, no. 7 (2007): 1–36.
• Collins, Steven. “Tall el-Hammam Is Sodom: Billington's Heshbon Identification Suffers From Numerous Fatal Flaws.”Artifax 27, no. 3 (Summer 2012): 16–18.
• Collins, Steven. “Forty Salient Points on the Geography of the Cities of the Kikkar.” Biblical Research Bulletin7, no. 1 (2007): 1–7. 
• Collins, Steven. “Tall el-Hammam Is Still Sodom: Critical Data Sets Cast Serious Doubt on E.H. Merrill’s Chronological Analysis.” Biblical Research Bulletin 13, no. 1 (2013): 1–27. This article includes the full text of Merrill, Eugene H. “Texts, Talls, and Old Testament Chronology: Tall Hammam as a Case Study.” Artifax27, no. 4 (2012): 20–21.
• Geisler, Norman L and Joseph M. Holden. The Popular Handbook of Archaeology and the Bible. Eugene, Oreg.: Harvest House, 2013. Look Inside Pages 70, 191, 202, 214-220, 383-387.
• Graves, David E. “Sodom and Gomorrah: Northern Theory.” Biblical Archaeology Vol. 1: An Introduction with Recent Discoveries That Support the Reliability of the Bible (Moncton, N.B.: Electronic Christian Media, 2014), 129-34. Google Look Inside
• Graves, David E. Key Facts for the Location of Sodom Student Edition: Navigating the Maze of Arguments.Moncton, N.B.: Electronic Christian Media, 2014. LINK
  
• Graves, David E. “Facts from Archaeology: Sodom and Gomorrah.” Key Themes of the Old Testament: A Survey of Major Theological Themes (Moncton, N.B.: Electronic Christian Media, 2013), 204-07. Look Inside
  
• Graves, David E. “Interaction with Scholars on the Location of Sodom and Gomorrah and Related Issues.” In Kikkar Dialogues, edited by Steven Collins, 23–25, 54-55. Research & Discovery Series 1. Albuquerque, N.M.: Trinity Southwest University Press, 2014.
• Graves, David E. “My Journey to Locate the Genesis Pentapolis North of the Dead Sea.” In Kikkar Dialogues, edited by Steven Collins, 2nd ed., 100–128. Research & Discovery Series 1. Albuquerque, N.M.: Trinity Southwest University Press, Forthcoming. This will be chapter 9 in the Second Edition due out later this year. PDF
• Olson, Craig. “Which Site Is Sodom?: A Comparison of Bab edh-Dhra and Tall el-Hammam.”Biblical Research Bulletin 14, no. 1 (2014): 1-18. An independentscholar working on his PhD. at Dallas Theological Seminary.

Back to the Index at the Top

Livias Research

On the identification of the Roman/Byzantine remains at Tall el-Hammam as the city of Livias see my articles:

• Graves, David E. “Livias (Tall el-Ḥammâm).” Biblical Archaeology Vol. 1: An Introduction with Recent Discoveries That Support the Reliability of the Bible (Moncton, N.B.: Electronic Christian Media, 2014), 193-96. Google Look Inside
• Graves, David E. “Re-Examination of the Location for the Ancient City of Livias.” co-authored with Scott Stripling. Levant: The Journal of the Council for British Research in the Levant43.2 (2011): 178-200. LINK for PDFHere I identify the Roman remains as the Roman/Byzantine city of Livias (Hammam may be Sodom, Abel-Shittim, Iron age administrative center and Livias all in different periods).
• Graves, David E., and Scott Stripling. “Identification of Tall el-Hammam on the Madaba Map.” Bible and Spade 20, no. 2 (2007): 35–45. LINK
• Graves, David E. and Scott Stripling.“Locating Tall el-Hammam on the Madaba Map.” Biblical Research Bulletin 7, no. 6 (2007): 1–11. LINK

Back to the Index at the Top

Bab edh-Dhra'

The Official Website for Bad edh-Dhra is Expediation Dead Sea PlainLINK. The Follow the Pots website is not the official website for the excavation but is doing research on the looting that is taking place at the Bab edh-Dhra cemetery and contains helpful current information about the site. Consult their Bibliography.There is alot of information in my new book Key Fact for the Location of Sodom. LINK. Remember to provide "the historical background of the site (including history of previous archaeological excavations, if any), objectives of the current excavation, progress at the site, and significance of discoveries to biblical study.” Make sure to choose a good encyclopedia, journal articles, and books that specialize in the subject. This will give you a cross section of material.

Bab edh-Dhra' excavation reports and articles:

• Bolen, Todd. “Bab Edh-Dhra.” Pictorial Library of Bible Lands,2014. LINK.
• Chesson, Meredith S. “Libraries of the Dead: Early Bronze Age Charnel Houses and Social Identity at Urban Bab Edh-Dhraʿ, Jordan.” Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 18 (1999): 137–64.
• Chesson, Meredith S., and R. Thomas Schaub. “Life in the Earliest Walled Towns on the Dead Sea Plain: Numayra and Bab Edh-Dhraʿ.” In Crossing Jordan: North American Contributions to the Archaeology of Jordan, edited by Thomas Evan Levy, P. M. Michèle Daviau, Randall W. Younker, and May Shaer, 245–52. London, U.K.: Equinox, 2007.
• Dever, William G. “Review of Bab Edh-Dhraʿ: Excavations in the Cemetery Directed by Paul W Lapp, 1965-1967.” Israel Exploration Journal 43, no. 4 (1993): 281–83. LINK
• Donahue, Jack. “Geology and Geomorphology.” In Bab Edh-Dhraʿ: Excavations at the Town Site (1975-1981): Part 1: Text,edited by Walter E. Rast and R. Thomas Schaub, 2:18–55. Reports of the Expedition to the Dead Sea Plain, Jordan. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 2003.
• Graves, David E. “Bab Edh-Dhra.” Biblical Archaeology Vol. 1: An Introduction with Recent Discoveries That Support the Reliability of the Bible (Moncton, N.B.: Electronic Christian Media, 2014), 126-29. Google Look Inside
• Harlan, Jack R. “Natural Resources of Bab Edh-Dhraʿ Region.” In Bab Edh-Dhraʿ: Excavations at the Town Site (1975-1981): Part 1: Text, edited by Walter E. Rast and R. Thomas Schaub, 2:56–61. Reports of the Expedition to the Dead Sea Plain, Jordan. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 2003.
• ———. “Natural Resources of the Southern Ghor.” In The Southeastern Dead Sea Plain Expedition: An Interim Report of the 1977 Season, edited by R. Thomas Schaub and Walter E. Rast, 155–64. AASOR 46. Boston, Mass.: American Schools of Oriental Research, 1981.
• Lapp, Paul W. “Bab Edh-Dhraʿ (RB 1966).” Revue Biblique 73 (1966): 556–61.
• ———. “Bab Edh-Dhraʿ (RB 1968).” Revue Biblique 75 (1968): 86–93, pls. 3–6a.
• ———. “Bâb edh-Dhrâ' Tomb Tomb A 76 and Early Bronze I in Palestine.” Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 189 (1968): 12–41. JSTOR
• ———. “Bab Edh-Dhraʿ, Perizzites and Emim.” In Jerusalem Through the Ages: The Twenty-Fifth Archaeological Convention, 1–25. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1968.
• ———. “The Cemetery at Bab Edh-Dhraʿ, Jordan.” Archaeology 19, no. 2 (1966): 104–11. JSTOR
• Lev, David. “Russia Decides to Search for Sodom and Gomorrah-in Jordan.” Arutz Sheva 7: Israel National News, December 14, 2010. LINK.
• McCreery, David W. “The Paleoethnobotany of Bab Edh-Dhraʿ.” In Bab Edh-Dhraʿ: Excavations at the Town Site (1975-1981): Part 1: Text, edited by Walter E. Rast and R. Thomas Schaub, 2:449–63. Reports of the Expedition to the Dead Sea Plain, Jordan. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 2003.
• Ortner, Donald J. “A Preliminary Report on the Human Remains from the Bab Edh-Dhra’ Cemetery.” In The Southeastern Dead Sea Plain Expedition: An Interim Report of the 1977 Season, edited by R. Thomas Schaub and Walter E. Rast, 119–32. ASOR 46. Boston, Mass.: American Schools of Oriental Research, 1981.
• Rast, Walter E. “Bab Edh-Dhraʿ.” Edited by David Noel Freedman, Gary A. Herion, David F. Graf, and John David Pleins. Anchor Bible Dictionary. New York, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1996.
• ———. “Bab Edh-Dhraʿ and the Origin of the Sodom Saga.” In Archaeology and Biblical Interpretation: Essays in Memory of D. Glenn Rose, edited by Leo G. Perdue, Lawrence E. Toombs, and Gary L. Johnson, 185–201. Atlanta, Ga.: John Knox, 1987.
• ———. “Bronze Age Cities along the Dead Sea.” Archaeology 40, no. 1 (1987): 42–49. JSTOR
• ———. “Patterns of Settlement at Bab Edh-Dhraʿ.” In The Southeastern Dead Sea Plain Expedition: An Interim Report of the 1977 Season, edited by R. Thomas Schaub and Walter E. Rast, 7–34. AASOR 46. Boston, Mass.: American Schools of Oriental Research, 1981.
• ———. “The 1975-1981 Excavations at Bab Edh-Dhraʿ.” In Bab Edh-Dhraʿ: Excavations at the Town Site (1975-1981): Part 1: Text,edited by Walter E. Rast and R. Thomas Schaub, 1:1–17. Reports of the Expedition to the Dead Sea Plain, Jordan 2. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 2003.
• ———. “The Southeastern Dead Sea Valley Expedition, 1979.” The Biblical Archaeologist 43, no. 1 (1980): 60–61. JSTOR
• Rast, Walter E., and R. Thomas Schaub. “A Preliminary Report of Excavations at Bab Edh-Dhraʿ, 1975.” In Preliminary Excavation Reports: Bab Edh-Dhrac, Sardis, Meiron, Tell El-Hesi, Carthage (Punic), edited by David Noel Freedman, 1–32. AASOR 43. Chicago, Ill.: American Schools of Oriental Research, 1978.
• ———. , eds. Bab Edh-Dhraʿ: Excavations at the Town Site (1975-1981): Part 1: Text. Reports of the Expedition to the Dead Sea Plain, Jordan 2. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 2003.
• ———. , eds. Bab Edh-Dhraʿ: Excavations in the Cemetery Directed by Paul W Lapp, 1965-1967. Reports of the Expedition to the Dead Sea Plain, Jordan 1. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 1989.
• ———. “The Dead Sea Expedition: Bab Edh-Dhraʿ and Numeira, May 24-July 10, 1981.” American Schools of Oriental Research Newsletter, no. 4 (1982): 4–12.
• Rast, Walter E., R. Thomas Schaub, David W. McCreery, Jack Donahue, and Mark A. McConaughy. “Preliminary Report of the 1979 Expedition to the Dead Sea Plain, Jordan.” Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 240 (1980): 21–61. JSTOR
• Schaub, R. Thomas. “Bab Edh-Dhraʿ.” In The New Encyclopaedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land,edited by Ephraim Stern, Ayelet Levinson-Gilboa, and Joseph Aviram, 1:130–36. Jerusalem: The Israel Exploration Society, 1993.
• Schaub, R. Thomas. “Bâb edh-Dhrâʿ.” In The New Encyclopaedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land,edited by Ephraim Stern, Ayelet Levinson-Gilboa, and Joseph Aviram, 1:130–36. Jerusalem: The Israel Exploration Society, 1993.This article on the work at Bab edh-Dhra and Numeira is reproduced on their websiteExpedition to the Dead Sea Plain under the direction of Dr. Walter Rast – Emeritus, Valparaiso University and Dr. R. Thomas Schaub – Emeritus, Indiana University of Pennsylvania.
• Schaub, R. Thomas.“Bab Edh-Dhraʿ.” In The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East,edited by Eric M. Meyers, 1:248–51. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 1997.
• Schaub, R. Thomas.“Ceramic Sequences in the Tomb Groups at Bab Edh-Dhraʿ.” Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research 46 Boston, Mass.: American Schools of Oriental Research, 1979, 69–118. JSTOR
• Schaub, R. Thomas, and Walter E. Rast. “Preliminary Report of the 1981 Expedition to the Dead Sea Plain, Jordan.” Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, no. 254 (1984): 35–60. JSTOR
• Schaub, R. Thomas, and Walter E. Rast. "The Southeastern Dead Sea Plain Expedition: An Interim Report of the 1977 Season."Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research 46. Boston, Mass.: American Schools of Oriental Research, 1979. JSTOR
• Weinstein, James M. “A New Set of Radiocarbon Dates from the Town Site.” In Bab Edh-Dhraʿ: Excavations at the Town Site: 1975-1981: Part 1 Text, edited by Walter E. Rast and R. Thomas Schaub, 1:638–48. Reports of the Expedition to the Dead Sea Plain, Jordan 2. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 2003.
• "Bab edh-Dhra'" University of Melbourne. LINK

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Articles supporting Bab edh-Dhra as Sodom:

• Billington, Clyde E. “Tall el-Hammam Is Not Sodom.” Artifax(Spring 2012): 1–3. Billington does not believe that Tall el-Hammam nor Bab edh-Dhra are Sodom. See "Fact 46: Tall el-Hammam is not Heshbon." Graves, Key Facts for the Location of Sodom. page 118.
• Bolen, Todd. “Arguments Against Locating Sodom at Tall el-Hammam.” Biblical Archaeology Society,February 27, 2013. LINK
• Bradshaw, Robert I. “Archaeology and the Patriarchs.”Biblical Studies.org.uk. n.p. [cited 11 April 2015]. Online: http://www.biblicalstudies.org.uk/article_archaeology.html#22 LINK
  
• Govier, Gordon. “Looking Back: Claims to New Sodom Location Are Salted with Controversy.” Christianity Today52, no. 4 (2008): 15–16.
• Govier, Gordon. “Searching for Sodom: Is It Time to Rewrite Old Testament Chronologies?” ChristianityToday.com, February 18, 2014. LINK.
  
• Merrill, Eugene H. “Texts, Talls, and Old Testament Chronology: Tall Hammam as a Case Study.” Artifax27, no. 4 (2012): 20–21. The full text of Merrill's article is included in Collins, Steven. “Tall el-Hammam Is Still Sodom: Critical Data Sets Cast Serious Doubt on E.H. Merrill’s Chronological Analysis.” Biblical Research Bulletin 13, no. 1 (2013): 1–27.See "Fact 32: Shea's Identification of Cities Based on the Eblaite Geographic Atlas is Suspect." Graves, Key Facts for the Location of Sodom. page 88
• Schlegel, Bill. “Biblical Problems with Locating Sodom at Tall el-Hammam.” BiblePlaces,January 4, 2012. LINK.
• Shea, William H. “Two Palestinian Segments from the Eblaite Geographical Atlas.” In Word of the Lord Shall Go Forth: Essays in Honor of David Noel Freedman in Celebration of His Sixtieth Birthday, edited by Carol L. Meyers and M. O’Connor, 589–612. American Schools of Oriental Research. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 1983. See "Fact 32: Shea's Identification of Cities Based on the Eblaite Geographic Atlas is Suspect." Graves, Key Facts for the Location of Sodom. page 88.
  
• Wood, Bryant G. “Have Sodom And Gomorrah Been Found?” Bible and Spade 3, no. 3 (1974): 65–90. Here Wood identifies Bab edh-Dhra with Zeboiim and not Sodom.
• Wood, Bryant G. “The Discovery of the Sin Cities of Sodom and Gomorrah.” Bible and Spade 12, no. 3 (1999): 67–80.
• Wood, Bryant G. “Locating Sodom: A Critique of the Northern Proposal.” Bible and Spade20, no. 3 (2007): 78–84.
• Udd, Kris J. “Bab Edh-Dhraʿ, Numeira, and the Biblical Patriarchs: A Chronological Study.” Ph.D. diss., Andrews University, 2011. I have noticed several errors in the facts which she presents in this dissertation. You should use it with caution and double check her sources and facts.

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Modified August 20, 2015 Copyright © 2015 Electronic Christian Media

BIBL 471 - Biblical Archaeology

Liberty University Students

Your Excavation Report is not limited to these sites. If you would like to write your papers on a site that is not listed here, please contact me for approval. The following bibliographies are provided for your convenience, however you must choose your sources wisely. A bibliography for some sites may be found here LINK.Some journal articles require EZproxy login(i.e., JSTOR, ProQuest, etc.). The student is responsible for the accuracy of the bibliographic information used. It would be to your benefit to use my Biblical Archaeology or Key Themes books that are listed under each site.

TIP: If you want the correct TURABIAN format in your paper you can copy and paste these listed sources "as is" into your Bibliography, but do not copy the hyperlinks (i.e. LINK or JSTOR buttons). To create your footnotes some changes will be required with puncutation and order of the authors name. See Turabian help LINK

INDEX

Both my books, Key Themes of the Old Testament and Key Themes of the New Testament, are full of archaeology side bars with lots of helpful information and bibliographies.

•     Ashkelon
•     Beersheva (Tel Be’er Sheva)
•     Bethsaida
•     Caesarea
•     Capernaum
•     Corinth
•     Dan
•     Ephesus
•     Gezer
•     Hazor
•     Herodium
•     Jericho (Tell es-Sulṭân)
•     Jerusalem_Hezekiah Tunnel
•     Jerusalem_Palace of David
•     Jerusalem_Pool of Siloam
•     Jerusalem  Temple Mount
•     Jerusalem_Temple Mount Salvage Project
•     Jerusalem_Warren's Gate
•     Jerusalem_Western Wall
•     Lachish
•     Masada
•     Megiddo
•     Nineveh
•     Pergamum
•     Qumran
•     Sardis
•     Smyrna
•     Online Dictionaries and Encyclopedias

Ashkelon

Here is the official site for Ashkelon. LINK. The four volumes of the dig reports are available as PDF at their website LINK. There is an authoritative bibliography at the official Ashkelon websiteLINK. Remember to provide the historical background of the site (including history of previous archaeological excavations, if any), objectives of the current excavation, progress at the site, and significance of discoveries to biblical study. Make sure to choose a good encyclopedia, journal articles, and books that specialize in the subject. This will give you a cross-section of material.

• Esse, Douglas. “Ashkelon.”Anchor Bible Dictionary.Ed. D. N. Freedman, vol. 1, 477-490. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1992. 
• Garfinkel,Yosef, D. Dag, B. Hesse, P. Wapnish, D. Rookis, G. Hartman, D. E. Bar-Yosef and O. Lernau.“Neolithic Ashkelon: Meat Processing and Early Pastoralism on the Mediterranean Coast.”Eurasian Prehistory 3 ( 2005): 43–72.
  
• Garfinkel,Yosef and D. Dag.  “Neolithic Ashkelon.”Qedem 47. Jerusalem: Institute of Archaeology, Hebrew University, 2008.
• Gore, Rick. “Ancient Ashkelon.”National Geographic Magazine 199/1(2001): 66-90. LINK
• Golan, Arnon. “Jewish Settlement of Former Arab Towns and their Incorporation into the Israeli Urban System (1948–1950).”Israel Affairs 9 (2003): 149–164. LINK
  
• Hoffman, Tracy. “Excavating Ashkelon in 2014.”Bible History Daily.2014. LINK
• Negev, Avraham. “Ashkelon.” In Archaeological Encyclopedia of the Holy Land. 3rd ed. Edited by  Avraham Negev and Shimon Gibson. New York: Prentice Hall Press, 1996.
• Pfeiffer, Charles F., ed. “Ashkelon.” pages 98-100 in Wycliffe Dictionary of Biblical Archaeology. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, 2000.
• Schloen, David. “Ashkelon.” In Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East. Ed. E. Meyers, vol. 1, 220-223. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 1997.
• Stager, Lawrence E. “Ashkelon and the Archaeology of Destruction.”In Eretz Israel 25 [Joseph Aviram Volume]. Ed. A. Biran, et al., 61-74. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1996.
• ——. “Ashkelon.”New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations In the Holy Land. Ed. E. Stern, vol. 1, 103-112. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster, 1993.
• ——.  Ashkelon Discovered: From Canaanites and Philistines to Romans and Moslems. Washington, DC: Biblical Archaeology Society, 1991.
• ——.   “When Canaanites and Philistines Ruled Ashkelon.”Biblical Archaeology Review 17 No. 2 (Mar/Apr 1991): 24-43. LOOKUP  or LINK.
  
•  White, W. “Ashkelon” in Vol. 1 of Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible,Vols. 1-5. Edited by Tenney, Merrill C., and Moisés Silva. Revised, Full-Color ed. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan, 2009.
  

Beersheva or Beer Sheba (Tel Be’er Sheva)

The site is now an archaeological park and may not have a website that is active for archaeology. The best work, if you can locate it at your library, would be Aharoni, Yohanan, ed. Beer-Sheba I: Excavations at Tel Beer-Sheba. Jerusalem: Institute of Archeology, 1973. It would be advisable to get a good survey of the different periods at Beersheva from a good Bible Dictionary listed below.  Remember to provide "the historical background of the site (including history of previous archaeological excavations, if any), objectives of the current excavation, progress at the site, and significance of discoveries to biblical study.” Make sure to choose a good encyclopedia, journal articles, and books that specialize in the subject. This will give you a cross section of material.

• “Archaeological Sites in Israel-Beersheba.”Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs. LINK
  
• “Tel Be’er Sheva National Park – Remains of biblical Beersheba”  Negev National Parks October 25, 2011. LINK
  
• Berenbaum, Michael, and Fred Skolnik, eds. Encyclopedia Judaica.22 vols. 2nd ed. New York, N.Y.: MacMillan, 2006.LINK
• Carson, Thomas, ed. The New Catholic Encyclopedia. 15 vols. 2nd ed. Detroit, Mich.: Gale, 2003.LINK
• Easton, Mathew George. Illustrated Bible Dictionary. 3rd ed. Nashville, Tenn.: Nelson, 1897. Older research but good for an overview of previous views. 
• Freedman, David Noel, Gary A. Herion, David F. Graf, and John David Pleins, eds. The Anchor Bible Dictionary. 6 vols. New York, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1992.
• Freedman, David Noel, Allen C. Myers, and Astrid B. Beck, eds. Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans, 2000.
• Graves, David E. “Facts from Archaeology: Beersheba Altar.” Key Themes of the Old Testament: A Survey of Major Theological Themes(Moncton, N.B.: Electronic Christian Media, 2013), 257-58. Look Inside
  
• le-arkheʼologyah, Makhon. The Tel Beer-Sheba Negev Expedition. Institute of Archaeology, Tel Aviv University, 1976.
  
• Masterman, E. W. G. “Beersheba,”in The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia.5 vols. Edited by James Orr, and Melvin Grove Kyle. Howard-Severance Co., Chicago, 1915. LINK
  
• Negev, Avraham, and Shimon Gibson, eds. “Beer Sheba.”page 73-74 in Archaeological Encyclopedia of the Holy Land. New rev., and updated. 1 vols. New York, N.Y.: Continuum International, 2001.
• Pallen, Condé Bénoist, Charles George Herbermann, and Edward Aloysius Pace, eds. The Catholic Encyclopedia; An International Work of Reference on the Constitution, Doctrine, Discipline, and History of the Catholic Church. 19 vols. New York, N.Y.: Appleton Company, 1913. New Advent
• Pfeiffer, Charles F., ed. “Beer-sheba.” pages 137 in Wycliffe Dictionary of Biblical Archaeology. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, 2000.
  
• Tenney, Merrill C., and Moisés Silva, eds. Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible,Vols. 1-5.Revised, Full-Color ed. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan, 2009. 

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Bethsaida (et-Tell)

Remember to provide "the historical background of the site (including history of previous archaeological excavations, if any), objectives of the current excavation, progress at the site, and significance of discoveries to biblical study.” Make sure to use a good encyclopedia article to get a broad overview of the previous research.

• Anonymous. “The Key to Bethsaida.” Biblical Archaeology Review 26, no. 4 (July/August 2000): 15. BAR
  
• Arav, Rami. “Bethsaida (et-Tell).” In The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land. 4 vols.Stern, Ephraim, Ayelet Levinson-Gilboa, and Joseph Aviram, eds. New York, N.Y.: MacMillan, 1993.
  
• ———. “Report on the 2012 Excavations.” University of Nebraska at Omaha. PDF.
• Arav, Rami, and Freund, Richard A., and Shroder, John F., Jr. “Bethsaida Rediscovered.” Biblical Archaeology Review 26, no. 1 (Jan/Feb 2000): 44-51, 53-56. LOOKUPorProQuest
  
• Arav, Rami. “A Mamlūk Drum from Bethsaida.”Israel Exploration Journal  43, no. 4 (1993): 241-245. JSTOR
  
• Brown, W. Gordon. “Bethsaida.” In The Wycliffe Bible Encyclopedia.Pfeiffer, Charles F, Howard Frederic Vos, and John Rea, eds.Chicago, Ill.: Moody, 2005. 
• Freedman, David Noel, Gary A. Herion, David F. Graf, and John David Pleins, eds.“Beth-saida (Place),”The Anchor Bible Dictionary. 6 vols. New York, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1992. Often minimalist in its conclusions but the facts are generally accurate.
• Hoffmeier, James K. The Archaeology of the Bible. Oxford, England: Lion, 2008.
• Negev, Avraham, and Shimon Gibson, eds. “Bethsaida; Beth Ramtha; Livias-Iulias.”page 80-81 in Archaeological Encyclopedia of the Holy Land. New rev., and updated. 1 vols. New York, N.Y.: Continuum International, 2001.
• Savage, Carl E. “Et-Tell (Bethsaida): A study of the first century CE in the Galilee.” Masters Dissertation. Drew University, 2007. ProQuest
  

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Caesarea

Modern Akko or Acre. Known as Caesarea Maritima and not to be confused with Philipi. Be sure to consider the harbor excavations, theater and aqueduct, etc. Make sure to consider the Mosaic quoting Romans and Pilate inscription.  For a bibliography see LINK. Remember to provide "the historical background of the site (including history of previous archaeological excavations, if any), objectives of the current excavation, progress at the site, and significance of discoveries to biblical study.” Make sure to choose a good encyclopedia, journal articles, and books that specialize in the subject. This will give you a cross section of material.

• Avi-Yonah, Michael, and Ephraim Stern, eds. “Caesarea.”Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land.4 vols. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1978.
• Blaiklock, Edward M. “Caesarea.”in Vol. 1 of Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible,Vols. 1-5.Revised, Full-Color ed.Edited by Tenney, Merrill C., and Moisés Silva. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan, 2009. 
• Bull, Robert J. “Caesarea Maritima: The Search for Herod’s City.” Biblical Archaeology Review 8, no. 3 (1982): 24–40. LOOKUP
• Collins, John J., and Daniel C. Harlow, eds.“Caesarea Maritima.”in The Eerdmans Dictionary of Early Judaism. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans, 2010.
• Cotton, Hannah, and Werner Eck. “A New Inscription from Caesarea Maritima and the Local Elite of Caesarea Maritima.” In What Athens Has to Do with Jerusalem, 375–91. Leuven: Peeters, 2002. EBSCO
  
• DeVries, LaMoine F. “Caesarea Martima: Seaport  Gateway to Herods's Kingdom.” Cities of the Biblical World: An Introduction to the Archaeology, Geography, and History of Biblical Sites. Eugene, Oreg.: Wipf & Stock (2006): 255-263.
  
• Graves, David E. “Caesarea.” Key Themes of the New Testament: A Survey of Major Theological Themes (Moncton, N.B.: Electronic Christian Media, 2013), 268-69. Look Inside
  
• Hohfelder, Robert L. “Caesarea (Place).” inThe Anchor Bible Dictionary. 6 vols.Edited by David Noel Freedman, Gary A. Herion, David F. Graf, and John David Pleins.  New York, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1992. 1:798-803.
  
• Hohlfelder, Robert L. “A Roman Engineering Tour de Force: The Building of King Herod's Harbor at Caesarea Maritima.”Archaeological Institute of America, 2010 LINK
  
• Hohlfelder, Robert L. “Caesarea Beneath the Sea.” Biblical Archaeology Review8, no. 3 (1982): 24–40. LOOKUP
• Hohlfelder, RobertL., “Beyond coincidence? Marcus Agrippa and King Herod’s Harbour,” Journal of Near Eastern Studies 59 (2000): 241–53.
  
• Holum, Kenneth G. “Caesarea.”Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible.Freedman, David Noel, Allen C. Myers, and Astrid B. Beck, eds.  Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans, 2000.
• Holum, Kenneth G. “Caesarea’s temple hill: the archaeology of sacred space in an ancient Mediterranean city.”Near Eastern Archaeology 67 no. 4 (2004):184-99. EBSCO
  
• Oleson, John P., Christopher Brandon, Robert L. Hohfelder. “Constructing The Harbour Of Caesarea On The Sea: New Evidence From The Romacons Field Campaign Of October 2005.” The International Journal of Nautical Archaeology 36 no. 2 (2007): 409-15. LINK
  
• Oleson, John P.  The Harbours of Caesarea Maritima. Vol. 1: The Site and the Excavations, BAR International Series, supplement 491, 1989 (editor and co-author), ISBN 0-86054-628-4
• Oleson, John P.  The Harbours of Caesarea Maritima. Vol. 2: The Finds and the Ship, BAR International Series, supplement 594, 1994 (editor and co-author), ISBN 0-86054-768-X
• Pfeiffer, Charles F., ed. “Caesarea.” pages 154–56 in Wycliffe Dictionary of Biblical Archaeology. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, 2000.
• Raban, Avner, and Kenneth G. Holum. Caesarea Maritima: A Retrospective After Two Millennia. Leiden: Brill Academic, 1996.
• Raban, A., Hohlfelder, R.L., Oleson, J.P. The Harbours of Caesarea Maritima: results of the Caesrarea Ancient harbour Excavation Project, 1980-1995. I. The Site and the excavations. Oxford: BAR 1989.
• Magness, Jodi. “Review of Caesarea Maritima: A Retrospective after Two Millennia by Avner Raban; Kenneth G. Holum.” Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, no. 308 (November 1, 1997): 108–10. LINK
  
• Negev, Avraham, and Shimon Gibson, eds. “Caesarea.”page 102-107 in Archaeological Encyclopedia of the Holy Land. New rev., and updated. 1 vols. New York, N.Y.: Continuum International, 2001.
• Singer, Isidore, Cyrus Adler, Gotthard Deutsch, Kaufmann Kohler, and Emil G. Hirsch, eds.“Caesarea.”in  The Jewish Encyclopedia.12 vols. New York, NY: Funk & Wagnalls, 1906. LINKNot to be confused with theBridger, David, and Samuel Wolk. The New Jewish Encyclopedia.Springfield, NJ: Behrman, 1962.
• Storvick, Olin J. and Govaars, Marylinda, “Excavations at Caesarea Maritima and the Vardaman Papers.” Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 371 (May2014): 163-184.EBSCO
  
• Vailhé, S. “Caesarea.”in The Catholic Encyclopedia. 16 vols. Edited by Condé Bénoist Pallen, Charles George Herbermann, and Edward Aloysius Pace. New York, N.Y.: Appleton Company, 1913. LINK

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Capernaum

This is a larger site than just the synagogue, so make sure to focus on more than the Synagogue. Remember to provide "the historical background of the site (including history of previous archaeological excavations, if any), objectives of the current excavation, progress at the site, and significance of discoveries to biblical study.” Make sure to choose a good encyclopedia, journal articles, and books that specialize in the subject. This will give you a cross section of material:

• Foerster, G. “Notes on Recent Excavations at Capernaum,”Israel Exploration Journal 21 no. 4 (1971): 207-11. JSTOR
  
• Loffreda, Stanislao. “Capernaum-Jesus’ Own City.” Bible and Spade 10, no. 1 (1981): 1–17. Galaxy
  
• Loffreda, Stanislao. “The Synagogue of Capernaum: Archaeological Evidence for Its Late Chronology.”Liber Annuus 22 (1972): 5-29.
  
• Loffreda, Stanislao. “The Late Chronology of the Synagogue of Capernaum.”Israel Exploration Journal 23 No. 1 (1973): 37-42. JSTOR
  
• Loffreda, Stanislao. Recovering Capharnaum. Jerusalem: Edizioni Custodia Terra Santa, 1984. Non-technical English summary of the excavations on the western (Franciscan) portion of the site.
• Murphy-O'Connor, Jerome. Oxford Archaeological Guides: The Holy Land(Oxford, 1998), 217–220.
• Negev, Avraham, and Shimon Gibson, eds. “Capernaum.”page 111-114 in Archaeological Encyclopedia of the Holy Land. New rev., and updated. 1 vols. New York, N.Y.: Continuum International, 2001.
• Pfeiffer, Charles F., ed. “Capernaum.” pages 162–64 in Wycliffe Dictionary of Biblical Archaeology. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, 2000.
• Sanderson, J. E. “Capernaum.”in Major Cities of the Biblical World.Edited by R. K. Harrison.Nashville, Tenn.: Nelson, 1985, 80-81.
• Sean Freyne, “A Galilean Messiah?,”Studia Theologica 55 (2001), 198–218. EBSCOContains an analysis of the singled-out 1st-century AD house as a courtyard rather than a room or house.
• Strange, James F., and Hershel Shanks. “Synagogue Where Jesus Preached Found at Capernaum.” Biblical Archaeology Review 9, no. 6 (1983): 24–31. BAR
  
• Strange, James F.and Hershel Shanks, “Has the House Where Jesus Stayed in Capernaum Been Found?,”Biblical Archaeology Review 8, no. 6 (Nov./Dec., 1982), 26–37. BARCritique of the domus-ecclesia claims.
• Tzaferis, Vassilios. Excavations at Capernaum, 1978–1982.Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns, 1989. ISBN 0-931464-48-X. Overview publication of the dig on the eastern portion of the site.
  

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Corinth

Make sure to check out the work being done by the The American School of Classical Studies at AthensLINK.Also, be sure to consider any inscriptions that have helped us understand the book of Acts (i.e.,“Erastus, the city Treasurer” in Romans 16:23). You can check a good Romans commentary (Commentary) for these terms and how archaeology had helped understand them. Remember to provide "the historical background of the site (including history of previous archaeological excavations, if any), objectives of the current excavation, progress at the site, and significance of discoveries to biblical study.” Make sure to choose a good encyclopedia, journal articles, and books that specialize in the subject. This will give you a cross section of material:

• “Corinth Excavations 2014 Update.”The American School of Classical Studies at Athens. May21, 2014. LINK.
• Blegen, Carl W. “Corinth in Prehistoric Times.”American Journal of Archaeology 24, no. 1 (1920): 1-13
  
• Cole, Dan P. “Corinth & Ephesus: Why did Paul spend half his journeys in these cities.” Bible Review 4, no. 6 (December 1988): 20-30. Lookup article in BAS LINKorBR LINK
• Fant, Clyde E., and Mitchell G. Reddish. A Guide to Biblical Sites in Greece and Turkey. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 2003. Look Inside
• Freedman, David Noel, Gary A. Herion, David F. Graf, and John David Pleins, eds. “Corinth (Place).”The Anchor Bible Dictionary.6 vols. New York, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1992. LINK
• Friesen, Steve, Daniel N. Schowalter, and James Walters, eds. Corinth in Context: Comparative Studies on Religion and Society. Supplement to Novum Testamentum 134. Leiden: Brill, 2010. Google Books PreviewVery important recent work by various leading archaeologists and scholars. You should consult this work.
  
• Furnish, Victor Paul. “Corinth in Paul’s Time: What Can Archaeology Tell Us?” Biblical Archaeology Review 14, no. 3 (May/June 1988): 14-27. LookuporLINK
• Graves, David E. “Facts from Archaeology: Erastus Inscription.” Key Themes of the New Testament: A Survey of Major Theological Themes (Moncton, N.B.: Electronic Christian Media, 2013), 281-82. Look Inside
  
• Kent, John Harvey. The Inscriptions, 1926 to 1950. Corinth 8.3. Princeton, N.J.: American School of Classical Studies at Athens, 1966.
• Kohler, and Emil G. Hirsch, eds.“Corinth.”in  The Jewish Encyclopedia.12 vols. New York, NY: Funk & Wagnalls, 1906. LINKNot to be confused with the Bridger, David, and Samuel Wolk. The New Jewish Encyclopedia.Springfield, NJ: Behrman, 1962. 
• Morgan, Charles H., II. “Excavations at Corinth, 1935-1936.” American Journal of Archaeology 40, no. 4 (1936): 466–84. LINK
  
• McRay, John. “Archaeology and the Bible: How Archaeological Findings have Enhanced the Credibility of the Bible.”4 Truth.net Bible. North American Mission Board, 2013. LINK
• Murphy-O’Connor, Jerome.“The Corinth That Saint Paul Saw.” The Biblical Archaeologist 47, no. 3 (September 1984): 147-59. JSTORSinger, Isidore, Cyrus Adler, Gotthard Deutsch, Kaufmann
  
• _____. St. Paul’s Corinth. Collegeville, MN: Liturgical Press, 2002. Look Inside
• Nasrallah, Laura. “Biblical Views: Sacred Meat.” Biblical Archaeology Review 40, no. 1 (2014): 24–25. Lookup article in BAS LINK.
  
• Pettegrew, David K. “The Diolkos of Corinth.” American Journal of Archaeology 115 no.4 (2011): 549-574. LINK.
• Petrides, S.“Corinth.”in The Catholic Encyclopedia. 16 vols. Edited by Condé Bénoist Pallen, Charles George Herbermann, and Edward Aloysius Pace. New York, N.Y.: Appleton Company, 1913. LINK
• Pfeiffer, Charles F., ed. “Corinth.” pages 172–74 in Wycliffe Dictionary of Biblical Archaeology. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, 2000.Rupprecht, A. “Corinth.”in Vol. 1 of Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible,Vols. 1-5. Revised, Full-Color ed. Tenney, Merrill C., and Moisés Silva, eds. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan, 2009. 
• Sanders, Guy D.R. “Beyond the Digging at Corinth Excavations,” ASCSA Newsletter byAmerican School of Classical Studies at Athens, December 2012.
• Slane, Kathleen Warner. “The Sanctuary of Demeter and Kore: The Roman Pottery and Lamps.” Corinth 18, no. 2 (1990): 1. JSTOR
  
• Stillwell, Richard. “The Theatre at Corinth.”American Journal of Archaeology 33, no. 1 (1929):77-97.
• Thallon-Hill, Ida, and Lida Shaw King. “Decorated Architectural Terracottas.” Corinth 4, no. 1(1929): 1.  JSTOR
  
• T.W.H “Excavations at Corinth.”American Journal of Archaeology 7, no. 3 (1903): 350.
  
• Willis, Wendell “Corinth.”Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible.Freedman, David Noel, Allen C. Myers, and Astrid B. Beck, eds.  Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans, 2000.
• Williams, Charles K. “Bones In The Theater.”The Corinth Excavations of 2011 53, no. 3(2011): 1-3.
• Wiseman, James. “Corinth and Rome I: 228 B.C. – 267 A.D.” In Aufstieg Und Niedergang Der Romischen Welt, edited by Hildegard Temporini and Wolfgang Haase, 7.1:438–548. II. New York, N.Y.: Gruyter, 1979.
  

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Tel Dan

The official site for Tel Dan is this link. Be sure to discuss the Tel Dan Stele as it is relevant in the Iron Age and for our discussion of King David. Be sure to look at the controversy between Anson Rainey and Philip Davies over the inscription. Also, be sure to talk about the mud brick MB gate complex. It is interesting that we found the MB gate complex at Tall el-Hammam (Sodom?) that makes the Tel Dan gate look very small. We have just uncovered the largest MB gate complex that is known in the MB period LINK.Remember to provide "the historical background of the site (including history of previous archaeological excavations, if any), objectives of the current excavation, progress at the site, and significance of discoveries to biblical study.” Make sure to choose a good encyclopedia, journal articles, and books that specialize in the subject. This will give you a cross section of material.

• “Professor Avraham Biran, 1909-2008 In Memoriam”. Israel Exploration Journal 58, no. 2 (2008): 129-131. JSTOR
  
• Ahituv, Shmuel. “Suzerain or Vassal? Notes on the Aramaic Inscription from Tel Dan”. Israel Exploration Journal 43, no. 4 (1993): 246-247. JSTOR
• Athas, George. The Tel Dan Inscription: A Reappraisal and a New Interpretation. New York and London: T&T Clark International, 2003.
• Ben-Dov, Rachel and Azriel Gorski. “A Metal Implement Wrapped in Linen at Tel Dan”. IsraelExploration Journal 59, no. 1 (2009): 80-85. JSTOR
• Biran, Avraham. “Two Discoveries at Tel Dan.” Israel Exploration Journal 30 no. 1/2 (1980): 89-98. LINK
  
• ———. “Sacred Spaces: Of Standing Stones, High Places and Cult Objects at Tel Dan.” Biblical Archaeology Review 24, no. 5 (1998): 38-41, 44-45, 70.
• ———. “An Israelite Horned Altar at Dan.” The Biblical Archaeologist37, no. 4 (1974): 106-107. JSTOR
• ———. “Tel Dan.” The Biblical Archaeologist 37, no. 2 (1974): 26-51. JSTOR
  
• ———.  “The Dancer from Dan, the Empty Tomb and the Altar Room.” Israel Exploration Journal 36, no. 3/4 (1986): 179-187. JSTOR
• ———. “The Discovery of the Middle Bronze Age Gate at Dan.” The Biblical Archaeologist 44, no. 3 (1981): 139-144. JSTOR
• ———. “The Triple-Arched Gate of Laish at Tel Dan.” Israel Exploration Journal 34, no. 1 (1984): 1-19. JSTOR
• ———.  “Two Bronze Plaques and the Hussot of Dan.” Israel Exploration Journal 49, no. 1/2 (1999): 43-54.JSTOR
• Biran, Avraham and Joseph Naveh. “An Aramaic Stele Fragment from Tel Dan.” Israel Exploration Journal 43 no. 2, 3 (1993): 81-98. JSTOR
• ———. “The Tel Dan Inscription: A New Fragment.” Israel Exploration Journal 45 no. 1 (1995): 1-18. JSTOR
  
• Davis, Andrew R.. “Tel Dan in its Northern Cultic Context.” The Johns Hopkins University, UMI Dissertations Publishing, 2010. Archaeological data from the Iron II temple complex at Tel Dan. Published by Society of Biblical Literature, 2013.ProQuest
• Davies, Philip R.  “House of David” Built on Sand: The Sins of the Biblical Maximizers.” Biblical Archaeology Review 20 no. 4 (1994): 54-55. LOOKUPorBAR
  
• Driscoll, James F. “Dan.”in The Catholic Encyclopedia. 16 vols. Edited by Condé Bénoist Pallen, Charles George Herbermann, and Edward Aloysius Pace. New York, N.Y.: Appleton Company, 1913. LINK
• Greer, Jonathan S. “An Israelite ‘Mizraq’ at Tel Dan?” Bulletin of the American Schools ofOriental Research 358 (2010): 27-45. JSTOR
  
• Greer, Jonathan S. “New Archaeological Data for the Study of Ancient Israelite Religion and Society from Tel Dan.”The Ancient Near East Today, Current News About the Ancient Past: Friends of ASOR. 2, no. 1 (January 2014). LINK
  
• Hagelia, Hallvard. The Dan Debate: The Tel Dan Inscription in Recent Research. Sheffield, UK: Sheffield Phoenix Press, 2009.
• Freedman, David Noel and Jeffrey C. Geoghegan “House of David is There.”Biblical Archaeology Review 21 no. 2 1995 78-79. LOOKUPorBAR
  
• Ilan, David. “‘Stepped Rim’ Juglets From Tel Dan and the ‘MBI-II (MB IIA-B) Transitional Period’.” Israel Exploration Journal 41, no. 4 (1991): 229-238. JSTOR
  
• Ilan, David and Pamela Vandiver and Maud Spaer. “An Early Glass Bead from Tel Dan”. IsraelExploration Journal 43, no. 4 (1993): 230-234. JSTOR
  
• Schniedewind, William M. “Tel Dan Stela: New Light On Aramaic and Jehu's Revolt.” Bulletin of the American Schools ofOriental Research 302 (1996): 76-90. PDF or  JSTOR.
• Laughlin, John. “The Remarkable Discoveries at Tel Dan.” Biblical Archaeology Review 7 No. 5. (1981): 20-37. LOOKUPorLINK
• Mobley, Gregory. “Dan (Place)”. Pages 310-11 in Eerdman’s Dictionary of the Bible. David Noel Freedman, ed. Grand Rapids and Cambridge, UK: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2000.
• Na’aman, Nadav. “Three Notes on the Aramaic Inscription at Tel Dan.” Israel ExplorationJournal 50 no. 1/2 (2000): 92-104. JSTOR
  
• Negev, Avraham, and Shimon Gibson, eds. “Dan (Tel; Tell el-Qadi).”page 131-132in Archaeological Encyclopedia of the Holy Land. New rev., and updated. 1 vols. New York, N.Y.: Continuum International, 2001. 
• Ortiz, Steven M. “Deconstructing and Reconstructing the United Monarchy: House of David or Tent of David (Current Trends in Iron Age Chronology).” In The Future of Biblical Archaeology: Reassessing Methodologies and Assumptions, edited by James Karl Hoffmeier and Alan R. Millard, 121–47. The Proceedings of a Symposium, August 12-14, 2001 at Trinity International University. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans, 2004. Amazon Look Inside
• Ruderman, Abraham. “Excavations at Tel Dan.” Jewish Bible Quarterly24, no. 2 (April 1, 1996): 129-130. EBSCO
  
• Rainey, Anson F. “The ‘House of David’ and the House of the Deconstructionists: Davies is an Amateur Who "Can Safely be Ignored"”. BiblicalArchaeology Review 20, no. 6 (1994): 47. BAR
  
• Schniedewind, William M. “Tel Dan Stela: New Light on Aramaic and Jehu’s Revolt”. Bulletinof the American Schools of Oriental Research 302 (1996): 75. JSTOR
  
• Shanks, Hershel. “BAR Interview: Avraham Biran – Twenty Years of Digging at Tel Dan.” Biblical Archaeology Review13, no. 4 (1987): 12-18, 21-25. LOOKUPorBAR
  
• ———. “The Tel Dan Inscription: The First Historical Evidence of King David from the Bible.”Bible History Daily: Biblical Archaeology Society,November 22, 2013. LINK
• Stager,Lawrence E.and Samuel R. Wolff. “Production and Commerce in Temple Courtyards: An Olive Press in the Sacred Precinct at Tel Dan.” Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research243 (1981): 95-102.  JSTOR
• Stern, Ephraim, Ayelet Levinson-Gilboa, and Joseph Aviram, eds. The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land.4 vols. New York, N.Y.: MacMillan, 1993.
• Thompson, Thomas L. “House of David: An Eponymic Referent to Yahweh as Godfather.” Scandinavian Journal of the Old Testament 9 (1995): 59-74. Request through ILL
  

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Ephesus

Ephesus (or Ephesos) is a large site so it would be advisable to narrow the survey of your paper. Provide an overview of the archaeological work that has been done over the years at Ephesus. You will want to mention the “Marble Sacred Street,” the “Great Theatre,” the “Library of Celsus,” the “Façade,” the “Commercial Agora,” the “Library Square,” the “Gate of Augustus,” and the “Curetes Street”, just to name a few. Perhaps list the buildings which have been discovered  and then focus on one or two of them in more detail. Be sure to discuss the relevance to your understanding of Acts and the NT Epistles. The official website for this large site is found at Ladstätter, Sabine. “Excavation History of Ephesos.” Austrian Archaeological Institute, 2015LINK.  For background material you should use a good Bible Dictionary (listed below).The archaeological history is presented at "Excavation History."Ephesus Foundation LINK and then maybe some individual buildings from the various teams working there at the moment. Most of the site has been excavated and depending on the year there may or may not be anything being done on the site. Remember to provide "the historical background of the site (including history of previous archaeological excavations, if any), objectives of the current excavation, progress at the site, and significance of discoveries to biblical study.” Make sure to choose a good encyclopedia, journal articles, and books that specialize in the subject. This will give you a cross section of material.

Some articles and books to get you started: (Most of these are available through the Liberty Library). I highly recommend my books and articles on Ephesus.

• Arnold, Irene Ringwood. “Festivals of Ephesus”. American Journal of Archaeology 76.1 (1972): 17–22. JSTOR
• Aune, David E. “Ephesus,” Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible. Freedman, David Noel, Allen C. Myers, and Astrid B. Beck, eds.  Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans, 2000. 
• Blaiklock, E. M. “Ephesus,” in Vol. 2 of Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible,Vols. 1-5. Revised, Full-Color ed. Tenney, Merrill C., and Moisés Silva, eds. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan, 2009. 
• Brinks, C. L. “‘Great Is Artemis of the Ephesians’: Acts 19:23-41 in Light of Goddess Worship in Ephesus.” The Catholic Biblical Quarterly  71, no. 4 (2009): 776–94. ProQuest
  
• Cole, Dan P. “Corinth & Ephesus: Why did Paul spend half his journeys in these cities.” Bible Review 4, no. 6 (December 1988): 20-30. Lookup article in BAS LINKorBR LINK
  
• Fant, Clyde E., and Mitchell G. Reddish. A Guide to Biblical Sites in Greece and Turkey. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 2003. pages 177-206 Look Inside
  
• Foss, Clive. Ephesus after Antiquity: A Late Antique, Byzantine, and Turkish City. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979. Look Inside
• Friesen, Steven J. “Ephesus: Key to a Vision in Revelation.” Biblical Archaeology Review 19 no. 3 (May /June 1993): 24–37. LOOKUPorBAR
• ———. Twice Neokoros: Ephesus, Asia and the Cult of the Flavian Imperial Family. Leiden: Brill Academic, 1993. Google Books Preview
• Graves, David E. Key Themes of the New Testament: A Survey of Major Theological Themes. Moncton, N.B.: Electronic Christian Media, 2013. pages 80-83. Look Inside
• Graves, David E.“Appendix B – The Graeco-Roman Literary Context For The Seven Messages Of Revelation.” Pages 335–48 in Key Themes of the New Testament: A Survey of Major Theological Themes. Moncton, N.B.: Electronic Christian Media, 2013. PDF
• Graves, David E. “Ephesus.” Biblical Archaeology Vol. 1: An Introduction with Recent Discoveries That Support the Reliability of the Bible (Moncton, N.B.: Electronic Christian Media, 2014), 236-38. Google Look Inside
• Graves, David E. “The Statue of Ephesian Goddess Artemeis (Rev 2:1-7).”Pages 210-13 in Biblical Archaeology Vol. 2: Famous Discoveries That Support the Reliability of the Bible. Toronto, Can.: Electronic Christian Media, 2015. Amazon
  
• Graves, David E. “The Temple of Artemeis.”Pages 213-14 in Biblical Archaeology Vol. 2: Famous Discoveries That Support the Reliability of the Bible. Toronto, Can.: Electronic Christian Media, 2015.Amazon
• Graves, David E. “The Theatre of Ephesus.”Pages 214-15 in Biblical Archaeology Vol. 2: Famous Discoveries That Support the Reliability of the Bible. Toronto, Can.: Electronic Christian Media, 2015.Amazon
• Graves, David E.“Jesus Speaks to Seven of His Churches, Part 1.” Bible and Spade 23, no. 2 (Spring 2010): 46–56. PDF or Color Photos LINK
  
• Graves, David E.“Jesus Speaks to Seven of His Churches, Part 2.” Bible and Spade 23, no. 3 (Summer 2010): 66–74. PDF or  Color Photos LINK
• Graves, David E.  The Seven Messages of Revelation and Vassal Treaties: Literary Genre, Structure, and Function.Gorgias Dissertations Biblical Studies 41. Piscataway, N.J.: Gorgias, 2009.  Amazon Look Inside
• Koester, Helmut, ed. Ephesos Metropolis of Asia: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Its Archaeology, Religion, and Culture.Harvard Theological Studies 41. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Divinity School, 1995.
  
• Laale, Hans Willer. Ephesus (Ephesos): An Abbreviated History from Androclus to Constantine XI. Bloomington, Ind.: WestBow, 2011. Google Books Preview
• Ladstätter, Sabine. “Excavation History of Ephesos.” Austrian Archaeological Institute, 2015 LINK
• Lethaby, W. R. “The Earlier Temple of Artemis at Ephesus.” Journal of Hellenic Studies 37 (1917): 1–16. JSTOR
• ———. “The Sculptures of the Later Temple of Artemis at Ephesus.” Journal of Hellenic Studies 33 (1913): 87-96. JSTOR
• ———. “Further Notes on the Sculptures of the Later Temple of Artemis at Ephesus.” Journal of Hellenic Studies 34 (1914) 76-88. JSTOR
• LiDonnici, Lynn R. “The Images of Artemis Ephesia and Greco-Roman Worship: A Reconsideration.” Harvard Theological Review85 no.4 (1992): 389–415. JSTOR
• McDonagh, Bernard. Blue Guide: Turkey. 3rd ed. London, U.K.: A & C Black, 2001.
• Mitchell, Stephen, and A. W. McNicoll. “Archaeology in Western and Southern Asia Minor 1971-78.” Archaeological Reports, no. 25 (1978): 59–90.
• Mitchell, Stephen. “Archaeology in Asia Minor 1979-84.” Archaeological Reports, no. 31 (1984): 70–105.
• Murphy-O’Connor, Jerome. St. Paul’s Ephesus: Texts and Archaeology. Minneapolis, MN: Liturgical, 2008. Look Inside
• Vailhé, S. “Ephesus,” in The Catholic Encyclopedia.16 vols. Edited by  Condé Bénoist Pallen, Charles George Herbermann, and Edward Aloysius Pace. New York, N.Y.: Appleton Company, 1913. LINK
• Ramsay, William M. St. Paul the Traveler and Roman Citizen. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Kregel, 1896. LINK
• ———.  The Letters to Seven Churches. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1904. LINKThere is an newer edition with few differences but not online. Ramsay, William M. The Letters to Seven Churches: Updated Edition.Edited by Mark W. Wilson. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, 1994.
• Pfeiffer, Charles F., ed. “Ephesus.” pages 229–30 in Wycliffe Dictionary of Biblical Archaeology. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, 2000.Ramsay, William M. The Church of the Roman Empire Before AD 170.Whitefish, MT: Kessinger, 2004. PDF
• Richardson, Terry, “Unearthing Ephesus with John Turtle Wood.” Today’s Zaman, Jan 26, 2010. LINK 
• Roberts, Mark D. “Ancient Ephesus and the New Testament: How Our Knowledge of the Ancient City of Ephesus Enriches Our Knowledge of the New Testament.” Reflections on Christ, Church, and Culture, 2011. LINK 
• Scherrer, Peter. “Ephesus Uncovered From Latrines to Libraries.” Archaeology Odyssey 4, no. 2 (2001): 26–37. Look up in BAS LINK
  
• Singer, Isidore, Cyrus Adler, Gotthard Deutsch, Kaufmann Kohler, and Emil G. Hirsch, eds.“Ephesus,” in  The Jewish Encyclopedia.12 vols. New York, NY: Funk & Wagnalls, 1906. LINKNot to be confused with the Bridger, David, and Samuel Wolk. The New Jewish Encyclopedia.Springfield, NJ: Behrman, 1962.
• Strelan, Rick. Paul, Artemis, and the Jews in Ephesus. 80 Berlin: de Gruyter, 1996. Look Inside
• Trebilco, Paul. The Early Christians in Ephesus from Paul to Ignatius.Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans, 2007. Look Inside
• Wilson, Mark W. “The Early Christians in Ephesus and the Date of Revelation, Again.” Neotestamentica 39, no. 1 (2005): 163–93.
  
• Wood, John Turtle.Discoveries at Ephesus: Including the Sites and Remains of the Great Temple of Diana. London, U.K.: Longmans, Green & Company, 1877. PDF
• Wotschitzky, Alfons. “Ephesus: Past, Present and Future of an Ancient Metropolis.” Archaeology 14, no. 3 (1961): 205–12. JSTOR
  
• Yavuz, Mehmet Fatih. “Ephesus: Archaeology of Ephesus.” In The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece and Rome, edited by Michael Gagarin, 3:79-82 New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, 2010.
  
  

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Gezer

Here is the official site for GEZER, if you have not already found it. Be sure to talk about the Gezer calendar, Gezer high place, the New (2006) Gezer Boundary Inscription, Astarte figurine, and water system, just to mention a few.  Remember to provide "the historical background of the site (including history of previous archaeological excavations, if any), objectives of the current excavation, progress at the site, and significance of discoveries to biblical study.” Make sure to choose a good encyclopedia, journal articles, and books that specialize in the subject. This will give you a cross section of material.

• Albright, William F. “The Gezer Calendar.”Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research (BASOR). 92 (1943):16–26. JSTOR Original description of the find.
• Avi-Yonah, Michael, and Ephraim Stern, eds. “Gezer,” Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land.4 vols. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1978. 
• Oded, Bustanay. “Gezer Calendar.”Encyclopaedia Judaica. Ed. Michael Berenbaum and Fred Skolnik. 2nd ed. Vol. 7. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2007, page 569. LINK
  
• Bolen, Todd, Bible PlacesLINK
• Borowski, Oded “Not All That Glitters is Gold—But Sometimes It Is.” Biblical Archaeology Review 7 no. 6 (Nov Dec 1981): 58-59. Article is on the Astarte figurine. LOOKUP
• Dever,  WilliamG. “Gezer.” Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible. Freedman, David Noel, Allen C. Myers, and Astrid B. Beck, eds.  Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans, 2000. 
• Dever, William G., H. Darrell Lance, and G. Ernest Wright. Gezer I: Preliminary Report of the 1964-66 Seasons. Jerusalem: Hebrew Union College Biblical and Archaeological School, 1970.
  
• Dever, William G. “Gezer”. In The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near Eastvol. 2, Edited by Eric M. Meyers, 396–400. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.
• Freedman, David Noel, Gary A. Herion, David F. Graf, and John David Pleins, eds.“Gezer (Place).” inThe Anchor Bible Dictionary. 6 vols. New York, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1992. 
• Fritz, Volkmar. “Solomon and Gezer.” In Confronting the Past: Archaeological and Historical Essays on Ancient Israel in Honor of William G. Dever, edited by Seymour Gitin, J. Edward Wright, and J. P. Dessel, 303–8. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 2006. Look Inside
  
• Geva, Hillel. “Gezer,” Jewish Virtual LibraryLINK
• Graves, David E. “Facts from Archaeology: The Gezer Calendar.” Key Themes of the Old Testament: A Survey of Major Theological Themes (Moncton, N.B.: Electronic Christian Media, 2013), 32–33. Look Inside
  
• Graves, David E.“The Gezer Calendar.”Biblical Archaeology Vol. 2: Famous Discoveries That Support the Reliability of the Bible. (Toronto, Can.: Electronic Christian Media, 2015), 96–97.
  
• Gitin, Seymour, J. Edward Wright, and J. P. Dessel, eds. Confronting the Past: Archaeological and Historical Essays on Ancient Israel in Honor of William G. Dever.Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 2006.
  
• MacAlister, R. A. S. The Excavation of Gezer 1902–1905 and 1907–1909.3 vols. London: John Murray, 1912. PDF
  
• Maeir, Aren M. Bronze and Iron Age Tombs at Tel Gezer, Israel: Finds from Raymond-Charles Weill’s Excavations in 1914 and 1921. British Archaeological Reports British Series 1206. Oxford: Archaeopress, 2004.
  
• Mitchell, Eric and Jason Zan. “Southwestern Students Find Ancient Inscription in Tel Gezer.” Israel Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary, May 25, 2012, n.p. LINK
  
• Negev, Avraham, and Shimon Gibson, eds. “Gezer (Tel)”page 196-199in Archaeological Encyclopedia of the Holy Land. New rev., and updated. 1 vols. New York, N.Y.: Continuum International, 2001.
  
• Pardee, Dennis. “Gezer Calendar”. In The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East vol. 2, Edited by Eric M. Meyers, 396–400. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.
• Pfeiffer, Charles F., ed. “Gezer.” pages 254–57 in Wycliffe Dictionary of Biblical Archaeology. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, 2000.
• Pfeiffer, Charles F., ed. “Gezer Calendar.” pages 257–59 in Wycliffe Dictionary of Biblical Archaeology. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, 2000.
• R., A. F. and J. R. “Gezer,” The Wycliffe Bible Encyclopedia. Pfeiffer, Charles F, Howard Frederic Vos, and John Rea, eds.Chicago, Ill.: Moody, 2005.
• Shanks, Hershel.  “Bilingual Boundary Stone Discovered at Tel Gezer,”Bible History Daily: Biblical Archaeology SocietyMay 30, 2012. LINK
  
• Shanks, Hershel. “The Sad Case of Tell Gezer.” Biblical Archaeology Review9 no. 4 (Jul/Aug 1983): 30-35, 38-42. LOOKUP
• Singer, Isidore, Cyrus Adler, Gotthard Deutsch, Kaufmann Kohler, and Emil G. Hirsch, eds.“Gezer.” in  The Jewish Encyclopedia. 12 vols. New York, NY: Funk & Wagnalls, 1906. LINKNot to be confused with the Bridger, David, and Samuel Wolk. The New Jewish Encyclopedia. Springfield, NJ: Behrman, 1962.
• Sivan, Daniel. “The Gezer Calendar and Northwest Semitic Linguistics.”Israel Exploration Journal 48 no. 1/2 (1998): 101–105. An up-to-date linguistic analysis of this text. JSTOR
  

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Hazor

Hazor (Tell el-Qedah) is a large site so you may need to narrow your survey a bit. The dig director is Amnon Ben-Tor a Jewish maximalist. Be sure to look at the newly discovered piece of the Hammurabi law code (2010) and consider the debate and evidence for Hazor's destruction during Joshua's time. Also, examine the significance of the site for biblical studies. Remember to provide “the historical background of the site (including history of previous archaeological excavations, if any), objectives of the current excavation, progress at the site, and significance of discoveries to biblical study.” Make sure to choose a good encyclopedia, journal articles, and books that specialize in the subject. This will give you a broad cross-section of material.

• “The Selz Foundation Hazor Excavations in Memory of Yigael Yadin,” The Hebrew University of Jerusalem.2013. LINK.
• “Tel Hazor.”Archaeological Institute of America. 2009. LINK.
• Avi-Yonah, Michael, and Ephraim Stern, eds.“Hazor," in Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land.4 vols. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1978. 
• Ben-Tor, Amnon. “The Sad Fate of Statues and the Mutilated Statues of Hazor.” In Confronting the Past: Archaeological and Historical Essays on Ancient Israel in Honor of William G. Dever,edited by Seymour Gitin, J. Edward Wright, and J. P. Dessel, 3–16. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 2006. Look Inside
• Ben-Tor, Amnon. “Hazor and the Chronology of Northern Israel: A Reply to Israel Finkelstein.” Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, no. 317 (2000): 9–16.ProQUST
• Coker, W. B. “Hazor," inZondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible, Vols. 1-5. Revised, Full-Color ed. Tenney, Merrill C., and Moisés Silva, eds.Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan, 2009.
• Freedman, David Noel, Gary A. Herion, David F. Graf, and John David Pleins, eds. “Hazor" inThe Anchor Bible Dictionary.6 vols. New York, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1992. You will find a lot of good factual material on Hazor. Some of the conclusions are from a minimalist perspective but the facts are good.
• Finkelstein, Israel. “Hazor and the North in the Iron Age: A Low Chronology Perspective.” Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, no. 314 (May 1999): 55-70.ProQUST
• Graves, David E. “Hazor.” Biblical Archaeology Vol. 1: An Introduction with Recent Discoveries That Support the Reliability of the Bible (Moncton, N.B.: Electronic Christian Media, 2014), 156-67. Google Look Inside
• Mazar, Amihai. “The Fall of Canaanite Hazor–The ‘Who’ and ‘When’ Questions.” In Mediterranean Peoples in Transition, 13th to 10th Centuries BC, edited by Sterne Mazara, A. Gitin, and Amihai Mazar, Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1998. 456–67. Order through ILL.
  
• Negev, Avraham, and Shimon Gibson, eds. “Hazor (a-d) (Tel)”page 220-223inArchaeological Encyclopedia of the Holy Land. New rev., and updated. 1 vols. New York, N.Y.: Continuum International, 2001.
  
• Petrovich, Doug. “The Dating of Hazor’s Destruction in Joshua 11 Via Biblical, Archaeological, and Epigraphical Evidence.” Associate for Biblical Research, January 6, 2011. Website.
  
• Pfeiffer, Charles F., ed. “Hazor.” pages 283–86 in Wycliffe Dictionary of Biblical Archaeology. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, 2000.
• Pfeiffer, Charles F, Howard Frederic Vos, and John Rea, eds.“Hazor" in The Wycliffe Bible Encyclopedia. Chicago, Ill.: Moody, 2005.
• Rabinovich, Abraham, and Neil Asher Silberman. “The Burning of Hazor,” Archaeology51, no. 3 (May/June 1998): 50-55. JSTOR.
• Segal, J. B. “Hazor I: An Account of the First Season of Excavations, 1955. By Yigael Yadin, Yohanan Aharoni, Ruth Amiran, Trude Dothan, Immanuel Dunayevsky, Jean Perrot. (The James A. de Rothschild Expedition at Hazor). Jerusalem: Magnes Press, the Hebrew University, [1958].” Bulletin of The School of Oriental and African Studies-University of London 23, no. 01 (1960).
• Shtull-Trauring, Asaf. “‘Hammurabi-like’ Cuneiform Discovered at Tel Hazor.” Haaretz, July 27, 2010. LINK.
  
• Weinberger, Ram, Amihai Sneh, and Eyal Shalev. “The Fault beneath their Feet: How the Israelites Found Water Inside Hazor.”Biblical Archaeology Review Sept/Oct 2010): 65-67. LOOKUPorPDF 
• Weinberger, Ram, Amihai Sneh, and Eyal Shalev. “Hydrogeological insights in antiquity as indicated by Canaanite and Israelite water systems,” Journal of Archaeological Science 35, no. 11 (November 2008): 3035-3042. PDF
• Yadin, Yigael. “The Fourth Season of Excavations at Hazor.” The Biblical Archaeologist22, No. 1, (Feb., 1959): 1-20. JSTOR
• Yadin, Yigael. Hazor:The Rediscovery of a Great Citadel of the Bible.New York, N.Y.: Random House, 1975.

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Herodium

The Herodium dig director was Ehud Netzer until his untimely death. Who is directing the dig now? Were any excavations conducted prior to Netzer? On the Herodium you many find information connected with the director of the dig Ehud Netzer. LINK You might also mention how he died, as it was both ironic and tragic but remember this is not a biography of Netzer but an excavation report on the archaeology of the Herodium. Be sure to look at the synagogue , small theatre, and controversy over the tomb of Herod that has been in the news lately. Remember to provide "the historical background of the site (including history of previous archaeological excavations, if any), objectives of the current excavation, progress at the site, and significance of discoveries to biblical study.” Make sure to choose a good encyclopedia, journal articles, and books that specialize in the subject. This will give you a cross section of material.

• “Herodium-King Herod's Palace-Fortress.”Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs.November 20, 2000. LINK.
• Avi-Yonah, Michael, and Shimon Gibson.“Herodium.”Encyclopaedia Judaica. Ed. Michael Berenbaum and Fred Skolnik. 2nd ed. Page 39 in Vol. 9. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2007. LINK.
• Berlin, Andrea M. “Herod the Tastemaker .”  Near Eastern Archaeology 77 no. 2 (2014): 108-119. LINK
• Binder, Donald D.“Herodium.”Second Temple Synagogues. November 25, 2013. LINK. 
• Bronner, Ethan. “Ehud Netzer, Archeologist Who Unearthed Herod’s Tomb, Dies at 76.”The New York Times. October 29, 2010. 
  
• Burrell, Barbara. “The Legacies of Herod the Great.”  Near Eastern Archaeology 77 no. 2 (2014):  68-74.  LINK
• Dolphin. Lambert. Geophysical Exploration in Israel: The 1983 Field Season.LINK
• Gleason,  Kathryn L. “The Landscape Palaces of Herod the Great.”  Near Eastern Archaeology 77 no. 2 (2014): 76-97. LINK
• Hasson, Nir. “Archaeological stunner: Not Herod's Tomb after all?” Haaretz(October 11, 2013), n.p.. LINK
• Kahn, Lisa C.“Herodian Innovation: The Glass Industry.”  Near Eastern Archaeology 77 no. 2 (2014):  129-139. LINK
• Kreiger, Barbara. “Finding King Herod's Tomb.”Smithsonian Magazine, August 2009
  
• Negev, Avraham, and Shimon Gibson, eds. “Herodium”page 226in Archaeological Encyclopedia of the Holy Land. New rev., and updated. 1 vols. New York, N.Y.: Continuum International, 2001.
  
• Netzer, Ehud. “Herodium,” Freedman, David Noel, Gary A. Herion, David F. Graf, and John David Pleins, eds. The Anchor Bible Dictionary.6 vols. New York, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1992.
  
• Netzer, Ehud. “Greater Herodium.”Qedem13. Jerusalem 1981.
• Netzer, Ehud. Herodium: An Archaeological Guide.Northamptonshire: Cana, 1987.
• Netzer, Ehud. “In Search of Herod's Tomb.”Biblical Archaeology Review37, no. 1 (2011). LOOKUP
• Patrich, Joseph, and Benjamin Arubas. “‘Herod’s Tomb’ Reexamined: Guidelines for a Discussion and Conclusions.” In New Studies in the Archaeology of Jerusalem and Its Region, edited by Gary D. Stiebel, Orit Peleg-Barkat, Doron Ben-Ami, Shlomit Weksler-Bdolahand, and Yuval Gadot. Collected Papers 7. (Jerusalem, Israel: Hebrew University, 2013), 287–300.
  
• Pfeiffer, Charles F., ed. “Herodium.” pages 287–89 in Wycliffe Dictionary of Biblical Archaeology. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, 2000.
• Porat, Roi,Yakov Kalman, Rachel Chachy-Laureys. “The Continuation of the Activity of the Herodium Expedition for the Promotion of Research and Development of Herodium.”The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. 2013. LINK
• Rozenberg, Silvia. “Wall Painters in Herodian Judea.”  Near Eastern Archaeology 77 no. 2 (2014):  120-128. LINK 
  
• Ritmeyer, Leen. “Herod’s Tomb at Herodium.” Ritmeyer Archaeological Design, October 11, 2013. LINK.
  
• Shanks, Hershel. “Was Herod’s Tomb Really Found?.” Biblical Archaeology Review40 no. 3 (May/Jun 2014). LOOKUP
• Weiss,  Zeev. “Buildings for Mass Entertainment: Tradition and Innovation in Herodian Construction.”  Near Eastern Archaeology 77 no. 2 (2014): 98-107. LINK 
• Wiener, Noah.“Herodium: The Tomb of King Herod Revisited Was Herod’s Tomb Really Found?”Bible History Daily: Biblical Archaeology Society, May  02, 2014. LINK
• Zias, Joseph.“Was Byzantine Herodium a Leprosarium?”The Biblical Archaeologist 49, no. 3 (September 1986): 182-86. JSTOR

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Jericho(Tell es-Sulṭân)

NOTE: If you do your paper on Jericho you cannot write your Biographical paper on Dame Kathleen Kenyan.

On the Jericho site make sure you deal with more than the controversy surrounding the date of the destruction of Jericho, between Dr. Bryant Wood and Dame Kathleen Kenyan.  For the Kenyon/Wood debate you can use the Associates for Biblical Researchsite LINK.  It is relevant as Kenyan’s excavation reports were not published until after her death and so scholars did not have the opportunity to examine her research and just took her word for her dates. You can check out Dr. Wood’s bibliography for some good material for your paper on Jericho that is available online. While there is useful information on other sites they often do not mention the debate with Dr. Wood. You MUST also include the research by The Italian-Palestinian Expedition (1997-2014, see below).  Remember to provide "the historical background of the site (including history of previous archaeological excavations, if any), objectives of the current excavation, progress at the site, and significance of discoveries to biblical study.” Make sure to choose a good encyclopedia, journal articles, and books that specialize in the subject. This will give you a cross section of material.

Also, be careful as there is an OT Jericho (Tell es-Sultan) and NT Jericho (NT or Herodian Jericho stood on both sides of the Wadi Qelt almost two miles SW of Tell es-Sultan). These are two separate archaeological sites. I have up-to-date material in my book “God’s Sovereignty Expressed in the Conquest of Jericho.”  Key Themes of the Old Testament: A Survey of Major Theological Themes (2013), 211-216. LINK

The current excavation The Italian-Palestinian Expedition (1997-2014) at Jericho is being conducted by the Sapienza University of Rome. Make sure you interact with their research LINKand articles.

Here is a list of current research by The Italian-Palestinian Expedition: See all recent articles LINK

• Maura Sala, “Khirbet Kerak Ware from Tell es-Sultan/ancient Jericho: a reassessment in the light of the finds of the Italian-Palestinian Expedition (1997-2000),” in J. Córdoba - M. Molist - M. C. Pérez - I. Rubio - S. Martínez (eds.), Proceedings of the Fifth International Congress on the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East, Madrid 2008, 111-133. LINK
• Nigro, Lorenzo,  “Tell Es-Sultan – A Pilot Project for Archaeology in Palestine,” in  The Ancient Near East Today 2 no. 3 (March 2014): n.p. WEBSITE
  
• Nigro, Lorenzo,  “Tell es-Sultan/Jericho and the Origins of Urbanization in the Lower Jordan Valley: Results of Recent Archaeological Researches,” in P. Matthiae et al. (eds.), 6 ICAANE. Proceedings of the 6th International Congress of the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East. 5 May – 10 May 2008, “Sapienza”, Università di Roma, Roma 2010, Vol. 2, 459-481. LINK
• Nigro, Lorenzo,  H. Taha, “Renewed Excavations and Restorations at Tell es-Sultan/Ancient Jericho. Fifth Season – March-April 2009”, in Scienze dell’Antichità 15 (2009): 733-744. LINK
• Nigro, Lorenzo,  “When the Walls Tumble Down. Jericho: Rise & Collapse of an Early Bronze Age Palestinian City,” in R. Peroni - A. Cardarelli (a cura di), Le ragioni del cambiamento. Reason for Changes. ‘Nascita’, ‘declino’ e ‘crollo’ delle società tra fine del IV e inizio del I millennio a.C. (Scienze dell’Antichità 15), Roma 2009, 173-192. LINK
• Nigro, Lorenzo,  “The Built Tombs on the Spring Hill and The Palace of the Lords of Jericho (‘dmr rha) in the Middle Bronze Age,” in J.D. Schloen (ed.), Exploring the longue durée.Essays in Honor of Lawrence E. Stager,Winona Lake, In. 2009, pp. 361-376. LINK
• Nigro, Lorenzo. “Expedition To Palestine & Jordan Results Of The Italian-Palestinian Expedition To Tell Es-Sultan: At The Dawn Of Urbanization In Palestine.” In Tell Es-Sultan/Jericho in the Context of the Jordan Valley: Site Management, Conservation, and Sustainable Development, edited by Lorenzo Nigro and Hamdan Taha, 1–40. Studies on the Archaeology of Palestine & Transjordan 2. Rome: University of Rome, “La Sapienza,” 2006. LINKAn excellent survey of the first part of their excavation with over 50 photographs and site maps.
• Nigro, Lorenzo,  “Tell es-Sultan in the Early Bronze Age IV (2300-2000 BC). Settlement vs Necropolis - A Stratigraphic Periodization,” in Contributi e Materiali di Archeologia Orientale IX (2003): 121-158. LINK
• Nigro, Lorenzo, Nicolo Marchetti, Jihad Yassin, “Second season of excavations of the Italian - Palestinian expedition at Tell es-Sultan/Jericho, October - November 1998,” in Orient - Express1 (1999): 17-20. LINK
• Nigro, Lorenzo,  Nicolo Marchetti, Hamdan Taha, “Preliminary report on the second season of excavations of the Italian-Palestinian Expedition at Tell es-Sultan/Jericho, 1998", in P. Matthiae - A. Enea - L. Peyronel - F. Pinnock (eds.), Proceedings of the First International Congress of the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East, Roma 2000, 867-881, pls. 1-24. LINK
• Nigro, Lorenzo, Nicolo Marchetti, Jihad Yassin, and M. Ghayada. “Third Season of Excavations of the Italian - Palestinian Expedition at Tell Es-Sultan/Jericho, October - November 1999.” Orient - Express4 (2000): 82–84. LINK
• Nigro, Lorenzo,  Nicolo Marchetti, Issa Sarie', “Preliminary report on the first season of excavations of the Italian-Palestinian Expedition at Tell es-Sultan/Jericho, April-May 1997", in Palestine Exploration Quarterly 130 (1998): 121-144. LINK

Other online sources:

• Alden, Robert L. “Jericho: Archaeology.” In Baker Encyclopedia of the Bible, 4 Vol. edited by Walter A Elwell and Barry J Beitzel, Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker, 1997, 2:1119–1120.
  
• Annie Brule, Munish Dabas, Amy Guthrie, Nikhil Kumar “Jericho,” Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, NY. LINK
• Archer, Gleason Leonard. “Has not the Joshua 6 account of the capture of Jericho by the Israelites been discredited by the modern archaeological investigations at Tell es-Sultan?” Page 153 in Encyclopedia of Bible Difficulties.Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan, 1982. PDF
• Bernard Reich and David H. Goldberg, “Jericho.” Historical Dictionary of Israel. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press, 2008. LINK
• Bienkowski, Piotr. “Jericho Was Destroyed in the Middle Bronze Age, Not the Late Bronze Age.” Biblical Archaeology Review16, no. 5 (1990): 45–46, 69. LOOKUPSee Wood's careful response. Wood, Bryant G. “Dating Jericho’s Destruction: Bienkowski Is Wrong on All Counts.” Biblical Archaeology Review 16, no. 5 (Sep/Oct 1990): 45, 47–49, 68–69. LOOKUP
• Easton, Matthew G. “Jericho.”Illustrated Bible Dictionary, Third Edition, Nashville, Tenn.: Nelson, 1897. WEB or BST
  
• Garstang, John, and J. B. E. Garstang. The Story of Jericho.New revised edition. London, U.K.: Marshall, Morgan & Scott, 1948.
• Gibson, Shimon, and Nachman Avigad. “Jericho.” Pages 137-39 in Encyclopaedia Judaica. Edited by Fred Skolnik and Michael Berenbaum. New York, N.Y.: MacMillan, 2006. LINK
• ———.  “Jericho (Place).” Page 723-37 in Vol. 3. Anchor Bible Dictionary. 6 Vols. Edited by David Noel Freedman, Gary A. Herion, David F. Graf, and John David Pleins. New York, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1996.
• Graves, David E. “God’s Sovereignty Expressed in the Conquest of Jericho.” Key Themes of the Old Testament: A Survey of Major Theological Themes (Moncton, N.B.: Electronic Christian Media, 2013), 211–16. Look InsideGood up to date information.
  
• Graves, David E. “Jericho.” Biblical Archaeology Vol. 1: An Introduction with Recent Discoveries That Support the Reliability of the Bible (Moncton, N.B.: Electronic Christian Media, 2014), 148–52.
  Google Look Inside
• Grisanti  Michael A.  “Recent Archaeological Discoveries That Lend Credence to the Historicity Of The Scriptures.” Journal of Evangelical Theological Society 56 no. 3 (2013): 475–97. PDFGood up to date information.
  
• Jacobs, Paul F. “Jericho.” In Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible,edited by David Noel Freedman, Allen C. Myers, and Astrid B. Beck. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans, 2000. 
• Kaiser, Walter C. History of Israel. Nashville, Tenn.: Broadman & Holman, n.d. 151–154. LINK
• Kelso, James L. “New Testament Jericho.”Biblical Archaeologist 14, no. 2 (1951): 34–43.
• Davis, Miriam C. Dame Kathleen Kenyon: Digging Up the Holy Land. Wallnut Creek, Calf.: Left Coast, 2008.  Google Look Inside  Biography of Kenyon who dug Jericho.
• Lussier, E. “Jericho.” In The New Catholic Encyclopedia,edited by Thomas Carson, 755–757. 2nd ed. Detroit, Mich.: Gale, 2003. LINK
• Negev, Avraham, and Shimon Gibson, eds. “Jericho”“Jericho, Herodian.”page 256–260in Archaeological Encyclopedia of the Holy Land. New rev., and updated. 1 vols. New York, N.Y.: Continuum International, 2001.
  
• Pfeiffer, Charles F., ed. “Jericho (New Testament).” pages 303–305 in Wycliffe Dictionary of Biblical Archaeology. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, 2000.
• Pfeiffer, Charles F., ed. “Jericho (Old Testament).” pages 305–309 in Wycliffe Dictionary of Biblical Archaeology. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, 2000. No mention of Bryant Wood's research.
  
• Smith, William. “Jericho.” Smith's Bible Dictionary. London: John Murray, 1901. LINK
  
• S., E. B. “Jericho.” In The Wycliffe Bible Encyclopedia,edited by Charles F Pfeiffer, Howard Frederic Vos, and John Rea. Chicago, Ill.: Moody, 2005. 
• Tucker, Spencer C. “Jericho.” Page 540 in The Encyclopedia of the Arab-Israeli Conflict: A Political, Social, and Military History, edited by Spencer C. Tucker and Priscilla Roberts. Santa Barbara, Calf.: ABC-CLIO, 2008. LINK
• Wood, Bryant G.  “Did the Israelitesconquer Jericho? A New Look at the Archaeological Evidence.” Biblical Archaeology Review 16 no. 2 (1990): 44–59. Look up in BAR
  
• Wood, Bryant G. “Dating Jericho’s Destruction: Bienkowski Is Wrong on All Counts.” Biblical Archaeology Review 16, no. 5 (Sep/Oct 1990): 45, 47–49, 68–69.Look up in BAR